Abstract For the aim of surface refractivity analysis, the overall territory of Quebec has been divided in a desired number of areas from North to South using clustering analysis. The meteorological data used in the analysis are collected from 50 stations located in various climatic regions over Quebec for the year 2013. It is found that the best input data for the identification of areas is the water vapour pressure. The results show that the surface refractivity increase from North to South and the maximum values for all areas are observed in July or in August. However, the variation of the surface refractivity remains in a relatively small interval in comparison to the variation observed in some tropical countries, particularly Nigeria.

中文翻译：

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魁北克上空表面折射率变化分析区域的确定

摘要 为了进行表面折射率分析，使用聚类分析将魁北克的整个领土从北到南划分为所需数量的区域。分析中使用的气象数据是从 2013 年魁北克不同气候区的 50 个站点收集的。发现用于识别区域的最佳输入数据是水蒸气压力。结果表明，表面折射率从北向南增加，所有区域的最大值都出现在 7 月或 8 月。然而，与在一些热带国家，特别是尼日利亚观察到的变化相比，表面折射率的变化保持在相对较小的区间内。