Despite the high intrinsic ability of bone tissue to regenerate, bone healing fails in some pathological conditions and especially in the presence of large defects. Due to the strong relationship between bone development and vascularization during in vivo bone formation and repair, strategies promoting the osteogenic-angiogenic coupling are crucial for regenerative medicine. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs play important roles in controlling osteogenesis and bone vascularization and are important tool in medical research although their clinical use still needs to optimize miRNA stability and delivery. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been successfully used to enhance bone repair and their clinical activity has been associated to their ability to promote the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In this study we investigated the potential ability of PEMF exposure to modulate selected miRNAs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). We show that, during in vitro hBMSC differentiation, PEMFs up-modulate the expression of miR-26a and miR-29b, which favor osteogenic differentiation, and decrease miR-125b which acts as an inhibitor miRNA. As PEMFs promote the expression and release of miRNAs also involved in angiogenesis, we conclude that PEMFs may represent a noninvasive and safe strategy to modulate miRNAs with relevant roles in bone repair and with the potential to regulate the osteogenic-angiogenic coupling.

中文翻译：

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脉冲电磁场​​在骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化过程中调节miRNA：在成骨-血管生成偶联中的可能作用。

尽管骨骼组织具有很高的内在再生能力，但在某些病理情况下，尤其是在存在大量缺损的情况下，骨骼愈合仍会失败。由于体内骨骼发育与血管形成之间的密切关系骨形成和修复，促进成骨-血管生成耦合的策略对于再生医学至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，尽管miRNA的临床应用仍需要优化miRNA的稳定性和递送，但它们在控制成骨和骨骼血管形成中起着重要的作用，并且是医学研究的重要工具。脉冲电磁场​​（PEMF）已成功用于增强骨修复，其临床活性与它们促进人间充质干细胞（hMSCs）成骨分化的能力有关。在这项研究中，我们调查了PEMF暴露调节参与人骨间充质干细胞（hBMSCs）成骨分化的选定miRNA的潜在能力。我们表明，在体外在hBMSC分化过程中，PEMF上调了miR-26a和miR-29b的表达，从而有利于成骨分化，并降低了作为抑制剂miRNA的miR-125b。由于PEMF促进还参与血管生成的miRNA的表达和释放，因此我们得出结论，PEMF可能代表一种无创且安全的策略，以调节在骨骼修复中具有相关作用并具有调节成骨-血管生成偶联作用的miRNA。