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Monte Amiata volcano (Tuscany, Italy) in the history of volcanology: 2—its role in the definition of “ignimbrite” concepts and in the development of the “rheoignimbrite” model of Alfred Rittmann
Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali ( IF 1.810 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s12210-020-00932-8
Claudia Principe , Luigina Vezzoli

The explosive eruptions that occurred between nineteenth and twentieth centuries produced a fundamental cultural impact on the development of Volcanology. Pyroclastic products and ignimbrites features start to be at the base of an international debate. Various descriptions of explosive eruptions, and a new terminology of their products, such as nuée ardente and ignimbrite, were presented and extensively discussed in the framework of the International Association of Volcanology conferences held in 1961 at Catania and in 1963 at Tokyo. Ignimbrite deposits are first assimilated to welded tuffs. That attention to explosive volcanism of the first half of the twentieth century was the context in which has matured the Alfred Rittmann model of rheoignimbrite as welded ignimbrite showing secondary flowage structures. This term introduced by Rittmann in 1958, and shared by Giorgio Marinelli in 1961, was intended to describe the extensive sheet of acidic vitrophyric volcanic rocks of Monte Amiata volcano, interpreted as lava flows by all previous authors. Rheomorphic ignimbrites, in the Rittmann model, have features that strongly differentiate them from normal ignimbrites and that are very similar to what shown by acidic lava flows, as fluidal structures and wrinkles. The concept of rheomorphic ignimbrite is still in use into the volcanological literature, even if not for the Monte Amiata volcanics, nowadays definitively considered to be lava flows and domes. However, the Rittmann and Marinelli authoritative assumptions inhibited, up to present times, new volcanological interpretation of Monte Amiata acidic lavas.

中文翻译:

Monte Amiata火山(意大利的托斯卡纳),在火山学历史上:2-在“火成岩”概念的定义和阿尔弗雷德·里特曼的“ rheoignimbrite”模型的发展中的作用

在19世纪至20世纪之间发生的爆炸性爆发对火山学的发展产生了根本的文化影响。火成岩产品和火成岩特征开始成为国际辩论的基础。在1961年于卡塔尼亚和1963年在东京举行的国际火山学协会会议的框架内,提出并广泛讨论了爆炸性喷发的各种描述以及其产品的新术语,如nuéeardente和ignimbrite。首先将火成岩沉积物吸收到焊接凝灰岩中。对二十世纪上半叶爆发性火山作用的关注是这样的背景,在该背景下,阿尔弗雷德·里特曼(Alfred Rittmann)的流变火成岩模型已经成为焊接的火成岩,显示出二次流动结构。该术语由Rittmann于1958年引入,由Giorgio Marinelli于1961年共享,旨在描述Monte Amiata火山的酸性玻璃体火山岩层,被先前所有作者解释为熔岩流。在Rittmann模型中,流变型火成岩具有与正常火成岩强烈区分开的特征,并且与酸性熔岩流所显示的相似,表现为流体结构和皱纹。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。然而,直到现在,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设仍无法对Monte Amiata酸性熔岩进行新的火山学解释。旨在描述Amiata蒙特卡罗火山的酸性玻璃体火山岩的大片,被所有先前的作者解释为熔岩流。在Rittmann模型中,流变型火成岩具有与正常火成岩强烈区分开的特征,并且与酸性熔岩流所显示的相似,表现为流体结构和皱纹。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。但是,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设一直抑制着对Amiata酸性熔岩的新火山学解释。旨在描述Monte Amiata火山的酸性玻璃体火山岩的大片,以前的所有作者都将其解释为熔岩流。在Rittmann模型中,流变型火成岩具有与正常火成岩强烈区分开的特征,并且与酸性熔岩流所显示的相似,表现为流体结构和皱纹。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。但是,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设一直抑制着对Amiata酸性熔岩的新火山学解释。所有以前的作者都将其解释为熔岩流。在Rittmann模型中,流变型火成岩具有与正常火成岩强烈区分开的特征,并且与酸性熔岩流所显示的相似,表现为流体结构和皱纹。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。然而,直到现在,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设仍无法对Monte Amiata酸性熔岩进行新的火山学解释。所有以前的作者都将其解释为熔岩流。在Rittmann模型中,流变型火成岩具有与正常火成岩强烈区分开的特征,并且与酸性熔岩流所显示的相似,表现为流体结构和皱纹。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。但是,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设一直抑制着对Amiata酸性熔岩的新火山学解释。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。但是,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设一直抑制着对Amiata酸性熔岩的新火山学解释。流变形火成岩的概念仍在火山学文献中使用,即使不是Amiata火山,如今也被认为是熔岩流和穹顶。然而,直到现在,Rittmann和Marinelli的权威性假设仍无法对Monte Amiata酸性熔岩进行新的火山学解释。
更新日期:2020-07-18
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