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Pseudo-3D Vision-Inertia Based Underwater Self-Localization for AUVs
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tvt.2020.2993715
Yangyang Wang , Xiaorui Ma , Jie Wang , Hongyu Wang

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) play an important role in subaqueous construction and oceanographic survey, in which AUV self-localization is a crucial component. Current localization methods mainly depend on expensive acoustic positioning systems, which limit the wide application of AUVs. In this paper, referring to the low-cost visual localization method and focusing on challenges caused by underwater environment, we propose an underwater self-localization method based on Pseudo-3D vision-inertia for AUVs. The proposed method merges depth information into 2D visual image to achieve continuous and robust localization under dramatically changing underwater environment. In order to decrease errors, we propose an online fusion method based on tightly-coupled nonlinear optimization to fuse the measurements of the pre-integrated inertial measurement unit and the observations from the down-looking camera. We also optimize four degrees-of-freedom pose graph to enhance the global consistency and design an online loop detection module to realize the underwater relocalization. In addition, we develop a low-cost, portable, and small volume sensor suite for underwater vehicle localization and test the proposed self-localization method. We test the proposed method in the underwater environment using the custom-made sensor suite, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method under dramatically changing underwater environment.

中文翻译:

基于伪 3D 视觉惯性的 AUV 水下自定位

自主水下航行器(AUV)在水下建设和海洋调查中发挥着重要作用,其中AUV自定位是一个关键组成部分。目前的定位方法主要依赖于昂贵的声学定位系统,这限制了 AUV 的广泛应用。在本文中,参考低成本视觉定位方法,并针对水下环境带来的挑战,我们提出了一种基于伪3D视觉惯性的AUV水下自定位方法。所提出的方法将深度信息合并到二维视觉图像中,以在剧烈变化的水下环境下实现连续和鲁棒的定位。为了减少错误,我们提出了一种基于紧耦合非线性优化的在线融合方法,以融合预集成惯性测量单元的测量值和下视相机的观测值。我们还优化了四自由度姿态图以增强全局一致性,并设计了在线循环检测模块以实现水下重定位。此外,我们开发了一种用于水下航行器定位的低成本、便携式和小体积传感器套件,并测试了所提出的自定位方法。我们使用定制的传感器套件在水下环境中测试了所提出的方法,实验结果证明了所提出的方法在剧烈变化的水下环境下的有效性。我们还优化了四自由度姿态图以增强全局一致性,并设计了在线循环检测模块以实现水下重定位。此外,我们开发了一种用于水下航行器定位的低成本、便携式和小体积传感器套件,并测试了所提出的自定位方法。我们使用定制的传感器套件在水下环境中测试了所提出的方法,实验结果证明了所提出的方法在剧烈变化的水下环境下的有效性。我们还优化了四自由度姿态图以增强全局一致性,并设计了在线循环检测模块以实现水下重定位。此外,我们开发了一种用于水下航行器定位的低成本、便携式和小体积传感器套件,并测试了所提出的自定位方法。我们使用定制的传感器套件在水下环境中测试了所提出的方法,实验结果证明了所提出的方法在剧烈变化的水下环境下的有效性。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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