Scientific evidence for effective parental responses to peer victimization (PRPV) is sorely lacking. In this conceptual article, we first consider direct parental efforts to reduce peer victimization (i.e., direct PRPV) through explicitly coaching children about how to cope with peer victimization or intervening in the situation. We encourage researchers to examine whether and how direct PRPV may be successful, acknowledge possible limitations, and explore other forms of parental influence in the context of peer victimization. As an alternative or supplemental approach, we describe indirect, or compensatory, parental efforts to support the psychological health of children who experience peer victimization (i.e., compensatory PRPV). We provide illustrations of compensatory PRPV in which parents step up their efforts to encourage positive self-appraisals, facilitate positive social interactions, and support activity involvement in response to children’s experiences of peer victimization. We also suggest directions for future research on PRPV.

中文翻译：

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父母对同伴受害的直接和补偿性反应

严重缺乏父母对同伴受害（PRPV）做出有效反应的科学证据。在这篇概念性文章中，我们首先考虑通过明确指导儿童如何应对同伴受害或干预这种情况，直接父母努力减少同伴受害（即直接 PRPV）。我们鼓励研究人员检查直接 PRPV 是否以及如何成功，承认可能存在的局限性，并在同伴受害的背景下探索其他形式的父母影响。作为替代或补充方法，我们描述了间接或补偿性的父母努力，以支持经历同伴受害的儿童的心理健康（即补偿性 PRPV）。我们提供了补偿性 PRPV 的说明，其中父母加紧努力鼓励积极的自我评价，促进积极的社会互动，并支持参与活动以应对儿童遭受同伴受害的经历。我们还提出了 PRPV 未来研究的方向。