ABSTRACT For complex engineering and scientific applications, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations require a huge amount of computational power. As such, it is of paramount importance to carefully assess the performance of CFD codes and to study them in depth for enabling optimisation and portability. In this paper, we study three complex CFD codes, OpenFOAM, Alya and CHORUS representing two numerical methods, namely the finite volume and finite-element methods, on both structured and unstructured meshes. To all codes, we apply a generic performance analysis method based on a set of metrics helping the code developer in spotting the critical points that can potentially limit the scalability of a parallel application. We show the root cause of the performance bottlenecks studying the three applications on the MareNostrum4 supercomputer. We conclude providing hints for improving the performance and the scalability of each application.

中文翻译：

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适用于 HPC 不同 CFD 方法的通用性能分析技术

摘要对于复杂的工程和科学应用，计算流体动力学 (CFD) 模拟需要大量的计算能力。因此，仔细评估 CFD 代码的性能并深入研究它们以实现优化和可移植性至关重要。在本文中，我们研究了三种复杂的 CFD 代码 OpenFOAM、Alya 和 CHORUS，它们分别代表了结构化和非结构化网格上的两种数值方法，即有限体积方法和有限元方法。对于所有代码，我们应用基于一组指标的通用性能分析方法，帮助代码开发人员发现可能限制并行应用程序可扩展性的关键点。我们展示了在 MareNostrum4 超级计算机上研究三个应用程序的性能瓶颈的根本原因。