CRISPR-CasΦ from huge phages is a hypercompact genome editor.,Science

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CRISPR-CasΦ from huge phages is a hypercompact genome editor.
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1126/science.abb1400
Patrick Pausch _{1,

2} , Basem Al-Shayeb _{1,

3} , Ezra Bisom-Rapp ₄ , Connor A Tsuchida _{1,

5} , Zheng Li ₆ , Brady F Cress _{1,

2} , Gavin J Knott _{1,

2,

7} , Steven E Jacobsen _{6,

8} , Jillian F Banfield _{1,

9} , Jennifer A Doudna _{1,

2,

8,

10,

11,

12}

Affiliation

Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
University of California, Berkeley-University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.

CRISPR-Cas systems are found widely in prokaryotes, where they provide adaptive immunity against virus infection and plasmid transformation. We describe a minimal functional CRISPR-Cas system, comprising a single ~70-kilodalton protein, CasΦ, and a CRISPR array, encoded exclusively in the genomes of huge bacteriophages. CasΦ uses a single active site for both CRISPR RNA (crRNA) processing and crRNA-guided DNA cutting to target foreign nucleic acids. This hypercompact system is active in vitro and in human and plant cells with expanded target recognition capabilities relative to other CRISPR-Cas proteins. Useful for genome editing and DNA detection but with a molecular weight half that of Cas9 and Cas12a genome-editing enzymes, CasΦ offers advantages for cellular delivery that expand the genome editing toolbox.

中文翻译：

来自巨大噬菌体的CRISPR-CasΦ是超紧凑基因组编辑器。

CRISPR-Cas系统广泛存在于原核生物中，它们可提供针对病毒感染和质粒转化的适应性免疫力。我们描述了一个最小功能的CRISPR-Cas系统，包括一个〜70千达尔顿蛋白，CasΦ和一个CRISPR阵列，仅在巨大噬菌体的基因组中编码。CasΦ使用单个活性位点进行CRISPR RNA（crRNA）加工和crRNA指导的DNA切割，以靶向外来核酸。该超紧凑型系统在体外以及在人和植物细胞中均具有活性，相对于其他CRISPR-Cas蛋白具有扩展的靶标识别能力。CasΦ可用于基因组编辑和DNA检测，但分子量仅为Cas9和Cas12a基因组编辑酶的一半，为细胞传递提供了优势，从而扩展了基因组编辑工具箱。

更新日期：2020-07-17

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