Wind farm blockage effects are currently neglected in the prediction of wind farm energy yield, typically leading to an overestimation of the production. This work presents a novel method to assess wind farm production, while accounting for blockage effects. We apply a vortex model, based on a cylindrical wake, to assess induction effects. We present variations of the model to account for finite wake length, finite tip‐speed ratios, and the proximity to the ground. The results are applied to single rotors in aligned and yawed conditions and to different wind farm layouts. We provide far‐field approximations for faster estimates of the velocity field. Further, this article includes a new methodology to couple the induction model to engineering wake models, such as the ones present in the FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady State (FLORIS). We compare the results to actuator disk simulations for various operating conditions of a single turbine and different wind farm layouts. We found that the mean relative error of the model in the induction zone is typically around 0.2% compared with actuator disk simulations. The computational time of the velocity field using the analytical vortex model is three orders of magnitude less than the one obtained with the actuator disk simulation.

中文翻译：

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使用解析涡模型评估风力涡轮机和风电场的阻塞效应

目前，在风电场能源产量的预测中忽略了风电场阻塞效应，通常会导致对产量的高估。这项工作提出了一种新的方法来评估风电场的生产，同时考虑到阻塞效应。我们基于圆柱尾流应用涡旋模型来评估感应效应。我们介绍了该模型的各种变化，以说明有限的尾流长度，有限的叶尖速比以及与地面的接近度。该结果适用于对齐和偏航条件下的单个转子，以及不同的风电场布局。我们提供远场近似，以便更快地估计速度场。此外，本文还提供了一种将感应模型与工程唤醒模型耦合的新方法，例如FLOw重定向和稳态感应（FLORIS）中提供的模型。我们将结果与单个涡轮机的各种运行条件和不同风电场布局的执行器盘模拟进行比较。我们发现，与致动器盘模拟相比，模型在感应区的平均相对误差通常约为0.2％。使用解析涡模型对速度场的计算时间比通过执行器盘模拟获得的速度少三个数量级。