Reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation can be an effective strategy in Mediterranean countries to overcome the pressure on freshwater resources if its economic viability is demonstrated. In this work, the assessment of the economic feasibility of irrigation and nutrient management with TWW reuse was carried out in the citrus sector in the Souss Massa region of Morocco. Considering the effects of TWW reuse on yields, water, and fertilizer requirements, a mathematical nonlinear optimization model was used to identify the optimal allocation of land and nonuniform quality irrigation water and to assess the impacts on the economic performance of the citrus sector. Different water price and irrigation technology scenarios have been simulated. Overall results indicated that the reuse of TWW—with a current price higher than the conventional resource—must be subsidized to be proposed as a convenient alternative for irrigation. A reduction in the TWW price from its current level (0.23 Euro/m³) to a level equal to that of fresh water (0.15 Euro/m³) would encourage farmers to use TWW on 59% of the total cultivated area, leading to a 350 mm reduction in quantity of used fresh water per hectare. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:898–909. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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摩洛哥柑橘经处理的废水回用：评估灌溉和营养管理策略的经济可行性

如果证明其经济可行性，在地中海国家中，将处理后的废水再利用来进行灌溉可以成为克服淡水压力的有效策略。在这项工作中，在摩洛哥的苏斯马萨地区的柑橘部门对利用TWW再利用进行灌溉和养分管理的经济可行性进行了评估。考虑到TWW再利用对产量，水和肥料需求的影响，使用数学非线性优化模型来确定土地和质量不均匀的灌溉水的最佳分配，并评估对柑橘行业经济绩效的影响。模拟了不同的水价和灌溉技术方案。总体结果表明，必须对TWW的再利用（目前价格高于常规资源）进行补贴，以作为灌溉的方便替代方案。TWW价格从当前水平（0.23欧元/米³）达到等于淡水的水平（0.15欧元/立方米³）将鼓励农民在耕地总面积的59％上使用TWW，从而使每公顷用过的淡水量减少350毫米。Integr环境评估管理2020； 16：898–909。©2020 SETAC