The frequency of wildfire is expected to increase with time as a function of climate change. Recent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can cause greater‐than‐additive effects in Hyalella azteca in the presence of low concentrations of Cu. We hypothesized that freshwater animals inhabiting Cu‐contaminated sites, such as those in the vicinity of Cu mines, may be vulnerable to nonadditive toxicity from contaminants released by wildfires. To investigate the interaction between Cu and water conditioned by burnt wood ash (fire extract), we exposed H. azteca for 14 d to binary mixtures of 225 mg/kg Cu‐enriched artificial sediment (225 mg Cu/kg) and a fire extract dilution series (12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). All binary mixtures of Cu‐enriched sediment and fire extract resulted in complete mortality with the exception of Cu‐enriched sediment + 12.5% fire extract. The combination of Cu‐enriched sediment with 12.5% fire extract had a more‐than‐additive effect on survival and tissue Cu concentration, but there was no reduction in growth or acetylcholinesterase activity compared to the 225 mg/kg Cu–contaminated sediment or fire extract control, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly reduced in amphipods exposed to fire extract, but the presence of Cu did not exacerbate this effect. The results suggest that Cu‐contaminated water bodies that receive runoff from wildfires are at risk of enhanced toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1988–1997. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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野火径流和沉积物结合的铜对淡水两栖动物Hyalella azteca的单一和联合作用。

预计随着时间的推移，野火的频率会随着气候变化而增加。我们实验室中的最新研究表明，在低浓度的铜存在下，热解性多环芳烃在阿兹特尔透明质酸中可产生大于加性的作用。我们假设居住在铜污染地点的淡水动物，例如铜矿附近的那些，可能易受野火释放的污染物的非累加毒性影响。为了研究铜与烧木灰（火提取物）调节的水之间的相互作用，我们暴露了阿兹台克人14 d至225 mg / kg富铜人工沉积物（225 mg Cu / kg）和火提取物稀释系列（12.5％，25％，50％，75％和100％）的二元混合物。富铜沉积物和火提取物的所有二元混合物均导致完全死亡，富铜沉积物+火提取物的12.5％除外。富含铜的沉淀物与12.5％的火提取物的组合对存活率和组织中的铜浓度具有超过叠加的影响，但是与225 mg / kg的被铜污染的沉淀物或火相比，生长或乙酰胆碱酯酶活性没有降低分别提取控件。暴露于火提取物中的两栖类动物的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性显着降低，但铜的存在并未加剧这种作用。环境毒性化学2020; 39：1988–1997。©2020 SETAC