This study aims to assess the accuracy of two satellite‐based precipitation products (SBPPs), that is, Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM)‐based Multi‐satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and its upgraded version Integrated Multi‐Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG), in capturing spatial and temporal variation of precipitation and their application for extreme events (high‐intensity precipitation and drought). They were evaluated against 142‐gauge stations from Nepal during 2001–2018. The results show that, in general, both SBPPs show the overall characteristics of precipitation patterns, although underestimated the mean annual precipitation during the study period. It was also noted that IMERG product yields better performance to detect precipitation events (probability of detection) and no‐precipitation events (false alarm ratio) than TMPA. Based on four different extreme precipitation indices: heavy precipitation events (R10mm), extreme precipitation events (R25mm), five consecutive dry days (CDD), and five consecutive wet days (CWD), it was observed that the SBPPs underestimated the frequency of R25mm and CDD spells while overestimated R10mm and CWD spells. Additionally, both SBPPs exhibited considerable capabilities in capturing the drought events during the study period. Overall, the drought event, bias, and frequency show that the IMERG product has slightly better capabilities to capture drought than the TMPA product. In general, IMERG was found to be superior at a daily timescale, while TMPA shows consistent performance on a monthly scale during the study period. Furthermore, there is still space for further improvement of IMERG rainfall retrieval algorithms.

中文翻译：

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卫星产品（TMPA和IMERG）如何准确地检测尼泊尔喜马拉雅地区的降水模式，极端和干旱？

这项研究旨在评估两种基于卫星的降水产品（SBPP）的准确性，即基于热带降雨测量任务（TRMM）的多卫星降水分析（TMPA）及其升级版的全球降水综合多卫星检索测量（IMERG），用于捕获降水的时空变化及其在极端事件（高强度降水和干旱）中的应用。在2001年至2018年期间，对来自尼泊尔的142个站进行了评估。结果表明，尽管低估了研究期内的年平均降水量，但两个SBPP总体上都显示了降水模式的总体特征。还应注意，与TMPA相比，IMERG产品在检测降水事件（检测概率）和无降水事件（误报率）方面表现更好。根据四种不同的极端降水指数：强降水事件（R10mm），极端降水事件（R25mm），连续五天干旱（CDD）和连续五天潮湿（CWD），观察到SBPPs低估了R25mm的频率和CDD符咒，而高估了R10mm和CWD符咒。此外，两个SBPP在研究期间都具有捕获干旱事件的强大能力。总体而言，干旱事件，偏倚和发生频率表明，IMERG产品比TMPA产品具有更好的捕获干旱能力。一般而言，IMERG在每天的时间范围内都比较出色，而TMPA在研究期内每月表现稳定。此外，仍然有进一步改进IMERG降雨检索算法的空间。