The cysteinyl aspartate protease (caspase, or CASP) gene family plays a significant role in programmed cell death, inflammation and immunity. However, the correlation between CASP family members and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in different tumors has not been determined. We investigated the role of CASP genes in cancer prognosis and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters. We also evaluated the correlation between the expression of CASP family members and cancer immune infiltration and evaluated whether these molecules can be used as targets for immunotherapy. The CASP1/2/4/5/7/9 genes may represent prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Another finding is that the CASP1/4/5 genes help to regulate innate immunity and T cell immunity and may also have an important effect on tumor checkpoint inhibition. These findings may elucidate the roles played by CASP family members in cancer progression and identify strategies to promote collaborative activities in the context of immunotherapy.

半胱氨酰天冬氨酸蛋白酶（caspase 或 CASP）基因家族在程序性细胞死亡、炎症和免疫中起重要作用。然而，CASP 家族成员与预后和不同肿瘤中肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞之间的相关性尚未确定。我们研究了 CASP 基因在癌症预后中的作用及其与临床病理参数的关系。我们还评估了 CASP 家族成员的表达与癌症免疫浸润之间的相关性，并评估了这些分子是否可以作为免疫治疗的靶点。CASP1/2/4/5/7/9 基因可能代表乳腺癌、肝细胞癌和胰腺癌的预后因素和治疗靶点。另一个发现是CASP1/4/5基因有助于调节先天免疫和T细胞免疫，也可能对肿瘤检查点抑制有重要作用。这些发现可能阐明 CASP 家族成员在癌症进展中的作用，并确定在免疫治疗背景下促进协作活动的策略。