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Floret development and spike fertility in wheat: Differences between cultivars of contrasting yield potential and their sensitivity to photoperiod and soil N
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107908
Ariel Ferrante , Roxana Savin , Gustavo A. Slafer

Abstract In a previous paper (Field Crops Res. 203, 114–127), we showed that the difference in yield potential between a contemporary and a traditional cultivar was due to differences in fruiting efficiency, likely derived from differences in spike fertility (fertile florets per spike) while having similar spike dry weights at anthesis. In this study, we determined the mechanistic bases of these genotypic differences in spike fertility analysing the initiation of all floret primordia per spike (up to 8), the maximum number of florets initiated per spikelet, and the associated floret developmental rates and their fate to become fertile florets under contrasting photoperiod (natural vs extended) and nitrogen availability (50 or 200 kg N ha−1) during the stem elongation phase. Under potential growing conditions (natural photoperiod, high nitrogen availability), the contemporary cultivar owed its higher spike fertility to the improved rate of floret development, which mainly determined an improved level of floret primordia survival to produce fertile florets. The sensitivity of the floret developmental patterns to faster development due to exposure to an extended photoperiod and, to a larger extent, a reduction in N availability was similar for both cultivars, providing a basis for the consistent differences in spike fertility across a range of environments. The response again determined a main effect through increasing floret mortality reducing therefore the level of fertile florets per spikelet in these conditions.

中文翻译:

小麦的小花发育和穗肥力:不同产量潜力的品种之间的差异及其对光周期和土壤氮的敏感性

摘要 在之前的一篇论文 (Field Crops Res. 203, 114–127) 中,我们表明当代和传统品种之间产量潜力的差异是由于结果效率的差异,可能源于穗肥力的差异(可育小花每个穗)同时在花期具有相似的穗干重。在这项研究中,我们确定了穗生育力的这些基因型差异的机制基础,分析了每个穗的所有小花原基的开始(最多 8 个),每个小穗开始的小花的最大数量,以及相关的小花发育率及其命运在茎伸长阶段,在对比光周期(自然与延长)和氮可用性(50 或 200 kg N ha-1)下成为可育的小花。在潜在的生长条件下(自然光周期,高氮可用性),当代品种由于小花发育速度的提高而具有较高的穗肥力,这主要决定了小花原基存活水平的提高,以产生可育的小花。由于暴露于延长的光周期,小花发育模式对更快发育的敏感性,以及在更大程度上,两个品种的氮可用性降低相似,为一系列环境中穗生育力的一致差异提供了基础. 该响应再次确定了通过增加小花死亡率从而降低这些条件下每个小穗的可育小花水平的主要影响。这主要决定了提高小花原基存活水平以产生可育小花。由于暴露于延长的光周期,小花发育模式对更快发育的敏感性,以及在更大程度上,两个品种的氮可用性降低相似,为一系列环境中穗生育力的一致差异提供了基础. 该响应再次确定了通过增加小花死亡率从而降低这些条件下每个小穗的可育小花水平的主要影响。这主要决定了提高小花原基存活水平以产生可育小花。由于暴露于延长的光周期,小花发育模式对更快发育的敏感性,以及在更大程度上,两个品种的氮可用性降低相似,为一系列环境中穗生育力的一致差异提供了基础. 该响应再次确定了通过增加小花死亡率从而降低这些条件下每个小穗的可育小花水平的主要影响。为一系列环境中穗肥力的一致差异提供了基础。该响应再次确定了通过增加小花死亡率从而降低这些条件下每个小穗的可育小花水平的主要影响。为一系列环境中穗肥力的一致差异提供了基础。该响应再次确定了通过增加小花死亡率从而降低这些条件下每个小穗的可育小花水平的主要影响。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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