Cellulose filaments (CFs) are produced from wood-pulp fibres through solely mechanical treatment. They are inhomogeneous materials comprising both relatively large fibre fragments and fine fibrils. CFs can stabilize oil-in-water medium- and high-internal phase Pickering emulsions, where the presence of fibre fragments plays a critical role in emulsion stabilization by preventing CF fibrils from forming highly entangled structures. The emulsion properties are shown to be influenced by both the refining energy and CF concentration. CFs are distinct from cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) or microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), which flocculate and collapse owing to the entanglement of the homogeneous fibrous mass. Typically, other additives – surfactants or cellulose nanocrystals – are necessary to stabilize such emulsions. Further, lignin-containing CFs, produced from unbleached pulps, are particularly beneficial for emulsion stabilization at higher pH when the functional groups on lignin molecules are ionized. Our findings present CFs as potentially inexpensive, sustainable, and efficient emulsifiers for a wide variety of systems, from food to personal care products or engineering materials.

纤维素丝（CFs）是由木浆纤维通过仅机械处理制成的。它们是不均质的材料，包括相对较大的纤维碎片和细小原纤维。CF可以稳定水包油的中内相和高内相Pickering乳液，其中纤维碎片的存在通过防止CF纤丝形成高度纠缠的结构，在乳液稳定中起着关键作用。乳液性能受精炼能量和CF浓度的影响。CFs与纤维素纳米原纤维（CNF）或微纤化纤维素（MFC）不同，它们由于均一纤维团的缠结而絮凝和塌陷。通常，其他添加剂（表面活性剂或纤维素纳米晶体）对于稳定此类乳液是必需的。此外，含木质素的CF 当木质素分子上的官能团被离子化时，由未漂白的纸浆制成的产品特别有利于在较高pH下稳定乳液。我们的发现表明，CFs是潜在廉价，可持续和高效的乳化剂，适用于从食品到个人护理产品或工程材料的各种系统。