Bioenergy from biomass crops plays an important role as a promising energy source to meet the energy demands. However, during the production of biomass crops, water requirement, water quality degradation and the resulting environmental and economic problems are important factors that can affect the development of bioenergy worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In addition, industrial-scale production of bioenergy may also cause pollution to water resources. Thus, it is extremely urgent to take effective approaches to improve the waterbodies. In this study, four novel denitrifying Bacillus strains, JD-005, JD-014, JD-016 and JD-017, were isolated, characterized and further studied on the properties of nitrogen removal. The four strains could utilize ammonium, nitrate and nitrite source under aerobic conditions. In a simulated 5 L sewage bioreactor, four strains also exhibited efficient denitrification performance in multiple nitrogen coexistence, with the nitrite-N removal rates reached 0.41–1.89 mg/L/h, and the ammonium removal rates reached 0.87–2.07 mg/L/h. In addition, the denitrification metabolic pathway of Bacillus subtilis JD-014 was confirmed by investigating the nitrogen balance, gaseous nitrogen production, enzyme activity and functional genes analysis. With outstanding nitrite tolerance, the nitrogen removal efficiency could up to approximately 50–80% at initial NO₂⁻-N concentration of 50–200 mg/L. These results showed that JD-014 should be of great potential in bioremediation of polluted waterbodies and may provide an efficient and eco-friendly way in the future to improve water resources and realize better sustainable bioenergy application.

来自生物质作物的生物能源作为满足能源需求的有前途的能源发挥着重要作用。但是，在生物量农作物的生产过程中，需水量，水质退化以及由此产生的环境和经济问题是可能影响全球生物能源发展的重要因素，特别是在中低收入国家。此外，工业规模的生物能源生产也可能对水资源造成污染。因此，迫切需要采取有效措施来改善水体。在这项研究中，四种新颖的反硝化芽孢杆菌分离，鉴定和进一步研究了菌株JD-005，JD-014，JD-016和JD-017的脱氮性能。在有氧条件下，这四种菌株可以利用铵，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐源。在模拟的5 L污水生物反应器中，四种菌株在多种氮共存下也表现出有效的反硝化性能，亚硝酸盐N去除率达到0.41–1.89 mg / L / h，铵去除率达到0.87–2.07 mg / L / H。此外，枯草芽孢杆菌JD-014的反硝化代谢途径通过调查氮平衡，气态氮产生，酶活性和功能基因分析得到了证实。由于具有出色的亚硝酸盐耐受性，初始NO _2时的脱氮效率可以达到约50–80％⁻ -N浓度为50–200 mg / L。这些结果表明，JD-014在污染水体的生物修复中应具有巨大的潜力，并可能在将来提供一种有效且生态友好的方式来改善水资源并实现更好的可持续生物能源应用。