A comparative allozyme analysis of Pinus sylvestris L. populations distributed over the entire species range has been performed to estimate Nei’s minimum genetic distances among eight phylogeographic population groups (PPGs) from the “glacial” zone and 26 populations from the southern “extraglacial” zone. On this basis, the locations of nine main and eight second-order hypothetical Pleistocene refugia (HPRs) for the species have been determined. Using the conditional “refugium investment index,” relative contributions from the gene pools of HPRs to those of PPGs from the glacial zone has been estimated. It is shown that populations of this zone have originated from several refugia. A classification of Pleistocene refugia for P. sylvestris is proposed, which is based on their location within the range and role in the formation of the current gene pool of the species.

中文翻译：

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寻找并揭示樟子松物种更新世避难所系统。

对分布在整个物种范围内的樟子松种群进行了比较等位酶分析，以估计来自“冰期”带的 8 个系统地理学种群 (PPG) 和来自南部“冰外”带的 26 个种群之间 Nei 的最小遗传距离。在此基础上，确定了该物种的 9 个主要和 8 个二级假设更新世避难所 (HPR) 的位置。使用有条件的“避难所投资指数”，估计了来自冰川区的 HPR 基因库与 PPG 基因库的相对贡献。结果表明，该地区的种群起源于几个避难所。提出了 P. sylvestris 的更新世避难所的分类，