The present study compared the direct and derived extinction of avoidance responses in equivalence classes. Two classes with four abstract figures in each class (Class 1: A1-B1-C1-D1; Class 2: A2-B2-C2-D2) were first established. An avoidance response that was trained in the presence of one stimulus (B1) was emitted under control of the other stimuli from the same class (C1 and D1). The subjects were then assigned to two different groups (Direct Extinction Group and Derived Extinction Group). Different extinction procedures were implemented for each group. In the Direct Extinction Group, B1 was presented in extinction. In the Derived Extinction Group, C1 was presented in extinction. Finally, the transfer of extinction was evaluated in the presence of the other stimuli from each class. In the Direct Extinction Group, avoidance responses were extinguished for 4 of the 16 participants in the presence of B1. In the Derived Extinction Group, avoidance responses were extinguished for 10 of the 16 participants in the presence of C1. The results indicated that derived extinction occurred more easily than direct extinction. Considering that avoidance responses were extinguished only for a few participants, future studies should implement more efficient procedures to establish avoidance extinction and then evaluate possible differences between derived and direct extinction in the transfer of extinction.

本研究比较了等效类中避免反应的直接灭绝和衍生灭绝。首先建立两个类别，每个类别中有四个抽象图形（类别1：A1-B1-C1-D1；类别2：A2-B2-C2-D2）。在一个刺激（B1）的存在下训练的回避反应在来自同一类别（C1和D1）的另一个刺激的控制下发出。然后将受试者分为两个不同的组（直接灭绝组和衍生灭绝组）。每组实施了不同的灭绝程序。在直接灭绝小组中，B1灭绝。在衍生灭绝组中，C1处于灭绝状态。最后，在每个类别的其他刺激的存在下评估灭绝的转移。在直接灭绝组中，在存在B1的情况下，对16名参与者中的4名避免了回避反应。在衍生灭绝小组中，在存在C1的情况下，对16名参与者中的10名避免了回避反应。结果表明，衍生灭绝比直接灭绝更容易发生。考虑到回避反应仅对少数参与者消灭，今后的研究应实施更有效的程序来建立回避灭绝，然后评估灭绝转移中衍生灭绝和直接灭绝之间的可能差异。结果表明，衍生灭绝比直接灭绝更容易发生。考虑到回避反应仅对少数参与者消灭，今后的研究应实施更有效的程序来建立回避灭绝，然后评估灭绝转移中衍生灭绝和直接灭绝之间的可能差异。结果表明，衍生灭绝比直接灭绝更容易发生。考虑到回避反应仅对少数参与者消灭，今后的研究应实施更有效的程序来建立回避灭绝，然后评估灭绝转移中衍生灭绝和直接灭绝之间的可能差异。