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NH4 fertilization increases susceptibility of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) to grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) due to decrease in Ca uptake
Phytoparasitica ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s12600-020-00832-5
U. Yermiyahu , M. Halpern , D. Shtienberg

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an economically important herbaceous annual plant of the Labiaceae family. One of the main pathogens of sweet basil is grey mould (Botrytis cinerea). Previous work showed that susceptibility to grey mould increased with increasing N availability. The purpose of this work is to determine the role N form and Ca in this phenomenon. First, data from previous experiments were reexamined in order to determine whether there was a correlation between shoot Ca and basil plant susceptibility to B. cinerea. Then, basil plants were grown in a complete randomized design with 12 treatments and 5 repetitions in which N concentration, N type, and Ca concentration were varied. Plants were harvested 7 times, and shoot Ca and N were measured. Cuttings and full plants were inoculated with B. cinerea in order to determine their susceptibility to grey mould. We found that increases in N availability only increased the susceptibility of the basil plants to grey mould when the N was provided as a mix of NO3 and NH4, whereas in treatments where N was provided solely as NO3, N availability had no effect on plant susceptibility. Furthermore, we found that NH4 inhibited Ca accumulation, and shoot Ca concentration was negatively correlated to plant susceptibility. Taken together, this shows that N availability per se did not increase basil susceptibility to B. cinerea, rather it was the increase in NH4 fertilization which caused a reduction in shoot Ca which in turn was responsible for this effect.

中文翻译:

由于 Ca 吸收减少,NH4 施肥增加了甜罗勒​​ (Ocimum basilicum L.) 对灰霉病 (Botrytis cinerea) 的敏感性

甜罗勒(Ocimum basilicum L.)是唇形科一年生重要经济草本植物。甜罗勒的主要病原体之一是灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)。以前的工作表明,随着 N 可用性的增加,对灰霉病的敏感性增加。这项工作的目的是确定 N 形式和 Ca 在这种现象中的作用。首先,重新检查来自先前实验的数据以确定枝条 Ca 和罗勒植物对 B. cinerea 的易感性之间是否存在相关性。然后,罗勒植物以完全随机的设计生长,有 12 个处理和 5 个重复,其中 N 浓度、N 类型和 Ca 浓度各不相同。收获植物 7 次,并测量枝条 Ca 和 N。插条和完整植株接种 B. cinerea 以确定它们对灰霉病的敏感性。我们发现,当 N 以 NO3 和 NH4 的混合物形式提供时,N 可用性的增加只会增加罗勒植物对灰霉病的易感性,而在仅以 NO3 形式提供 N 的处理中,N 可用性对植物易感性没有影响. 此外,我们发现 NH4 抑制 Ca 积累,并且地上部 Ca 浓度与植物易感性呈负相关。综上所述,这表明 N 可用性本身并没有增加罗勒对 B. cinerea 的易感性,而是 NH4 施肥的增加导致了芽 Ca 的减少,而这反过来又是造成这种影响的原因。我们发现,当 N 以 NO3 和 NH4 的混合物形式提供时,N 可用性的增加只会增加罗勒植物对灰霉病的易感性,而在仅以 NO3 形式提供 N 的处理中,N 可用性对植物易感性没有影响. 此外,我们发现 NH4 抑制 Ca 积累,并且地上部 Ca 浓度与植物易感性呈负相关。综上所述,这表明 N 可用性本身并没有增加罗勒对 B. cinerea 的易感性,而是 NH4 施肥的增加导致了芽 Ca 的减少,而这反过来又是造成这种影响的原因。我们发现,当 N 以 NO3 和 NH4 的混合物形式提供时,N 可用性的增加只会增加罗勒植物对灰霉病的易感性,而在仅以 NO3 形式提供 N 的处理中,N 可用性对植物易感性没有影响. 此外,我们发现 NH4 抑制 Ca 积累,并且地上部 Ca 浓度与植物易感性呈负相关。综上所述,这表明 N 可用性本身并没有增加罗勒对 B. cinerea 的易感性,而是 NH4 施肥的增加导致了芽 Ca 的减少,而这反过来又是造成这种影响的原因。茎钙浓度与植株易感性呈负相关。综上所述,这表明 N 可用性本身并没有增加罗勒对 B. cinerea 的易感性,而是 NH4 施肥的增加导致了芽 Ca 的减少,而这反过来又是造成这种影响的原因。茎钙浓度与植株易感性呈负相关。综上所述,这表明 N 可用性本身并没有增加罗勒对 B. cinerea 的易感性,而是 NH4 施肥的增加导致了芽 Ca 的减少,而这反过来又是造成这种影响的原因。
更新日期:2020-07-17
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