Subsurface temperatures are substantially higher in urban areas than in surrounding rural environments; the result is a subsurface urban heat island (SUHI). SUHIs and their drivers have received attention in studies world-wide. In this study, a well-constrained data set of subsurface temperatures from Amsterdam, The Netherlands, is presented. The study demonstrates that, through modeling of centuries-long (from fourteenth to twenty-first century) urban development and climate change, along with the history of both the surface urban heat-island temperatures and ground surface temperatures, it is possible to simulate the development and present state of the Amsterdam SUHI. The results provide insight into the drivers of long-term SUHI development, which makes it possible to distinguish subterranean heat sources of more recent times that are localized drivers (such as geothermal energy systems, sewers, boiler basements, subway stations or district heating) from larger-scale drivers (mainly heat loss from buildings and raised ground-surface temperatures due to pavements). Because these findings have consequences for the assessment of the shallow geothermal potential of the SUHIs, it is proposed to distinguish between (1) a regional, long-term SUHI that has developed over centuries due to the larger-scale drivers, and (2) local anomalies caused by anthropogenic heat sources less than one century old.

在城市地区，地下温度要比周围的农村环境高得多。结果是地下城市热岛（SUHI）。SUHI及其驱动程序已在全世界的研究中得到关注。在这项研究中，提出了一个来自荷兰阿姆斯特丹的地下温度数据集。该研究表明，通过对长达几个世纪（从十四世纪到二十一世纪）的城市发展和气候变化进行建模，以及城市地表热岛温度和地表温度的历史，可以模拟阿姆斯特丹SUHI的发展和现状。结果为洞悉SUHI长期发展的驱动力提供了见识，这样就可以将较新的地下热源与本地驱动程序（例如地热能系统，下水道，锅炉地下室，地铁站或区域供热）和大型驱动程序（主要是建筑物和高架地面的热损失）区别开来。路面温度）。由于这些发现对评估SUHIs的浅层地热潜力有影响，因此建议区分以下两个方面：（1）由于驱动因素较大，已经发展了多个世纪的区域性长期SUHI；以及（2）由人为热源引起的局部异常不到一个世纪。大型驾驶员的地铁站或区域供热）（主要是建筑物的热量损失和人行道导致的地表温度升高）。由于这些发现对评估SUHIs的浅层地热潜力有影响，因此建议区分以下两个方面：（1）由于驱动因素较大，已经发展了多个世纪的区域性长期SUHI；以及（2）由人为热源引起的局部异常不到一个世纪。大型驾驶员的地铁站或区域供热）（主要是建筑物的热量损失和人行道导致的地表温度升高）。由于这些发现对评估SUHIs的浅层地热潜力有影响，因此建议区分以下两个方面：（1）由于驱动因素较大，已经发展了多个世纪的区域性长期SUHI；以及（2）由人为热源引起的局部异常不到一个世纪。