A replicated iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) study on developing wheat heads from two doubled haploid (DH) lines identified from a cross between cv Westonia x cv Kauz characterized the proteome changes influenced by reproductive stage water-stress. All lines were exposed to 10 days of water-stress from early booting (Zadok 40), with sample sets taken from five head developmental stages. Two sample groups (water-stressed and control) account for 120 samples that required 18 eight-plex iTRAQ runs. Based on the IWGSC RefSeq v1 wheat assembly, among the 4592 identified proteins, a total of 132 proteins showed a significant response to water-stress, including the down-regulation of a mitochondrial Rho GTPase, a regulator of intercellular fundamental biological processes (7.5 fold) and cell division protein FtsZ at anthesis (6.0 fold). Up-regulated proteins included inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (3.83 fold) and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (4.05 fold). The Pre-FHE and FHE stages (full head emerged) of head development were differentiated by 391 proteins and 270 proteins differentiated the FHE and Post-FHE stages. Water-stress during meiosis affected seed setting with 27% and 6% reduction in the progeny DH105 and DH299 respectively. Among the 77 proteins that differentiated between the two DH lines, 7 proteins were significantly influenced by water-stress and correlated with the seed set phenotype response of the DH lines to water-stress (e.g. the up-regulation of a subtilisin-like protease in DH 299 relative to DH 105). This study provided unique insights into the biological changes in developing wheat head that occur during water-stress.

中文翻译：

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水分胁迫下正在发育的小麦头的蛋白质组学分析。

重复的iTRAQ（等压标记，用于相对和绝对定量等压线）研究了从两个双倍单倍体（DH）品系发育中的小麦头，这两个单倍品系从cv Westonia x cv Kauz之间的杂交中鉴定出，其特征是蛋白质组受到生殖阶段水分胁迫的影响。从早期启动（Zadok 40）开始，所有生产线都遭受了10天的水分胁迫，样品集来自五个头部发育阶段。两个样品组（加水和对照）占120个样品，需要进行18个八重iTRAQ运行。根据IWGSC RefSeq v1小麦装配，在4592种鉴定出的蛋白质中，共有132种蛋白质显示出对水分胁迫的显着响应，包括线粒体Rho GTPase的下调（一种细胞间基本生物学过程的调节剂）（7。5倍）和细胞分裂蛋白FtsZ在开花期（6.0倍）。上调的蛋白包括肌苷5'-单磷酸脱氢酶（3.83倍）和甘油磷酸二酯磷酸二酯酶（4.05倍）。头部发育的前FHE和FHE阶段（全头出现）由391种蛋白质区分，而270种蛋白质则区分了FHE和FHE后阶段。减数分裂过程中的水分胁迫影响种子结实，后代DH105和DH299分别减少27％和6％。在两个DH系之间分化的77种蛋白质中，有7种蛋白质受到水分胁迫的显着影响，并且与DH系对水分胁迫的种子集表型反应（例如，枯草杆菌蛋白酶样蛋白酶的上调）有关。 DH 299相对于DH 105）。