The present study focuses on the synthesis of high-antifouling TiO₂/3-cyanopropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES)/Metformin-polyethersulfone (PES) membrane with various dosages of NPs (0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt%). The performance of the membranes was studied by the rejection of Cu(II) ions, COD content and dye removal from liquorice extraction plant (LEP) wastewater. The properties of the prepared nanoparticles (NPs) and membranes were identified by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, contact angle and AFM analyses. The permeability and antifouling tests were performed for all the blended nanocomposite membranes. The addition of NPs in the membrane network improves membrane hydrophilicity, permeate flux and flux recovery ratio (FRR) values due to the presence of amine, hydroxyl and silica groups on the membrane surface. The M₄ (1 wt% of NPs) membrane is selected as an optimal nanocomposite membrane which exhibits a much higher pure water flux (37.2 kg m⁻² h⁻¹) and FRR value (98%). Also, the high permeation flux (25 kg m⁻² h⁻¹), COD removal (88%) and dye removal (98%) were achieved during filtration of LEP wastewater with COD concentration of 800 mg l⁻¹ at pressure of 5 bar after 150 min.

中文翻译：

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新型防污TiO 2 / CPTES /二甲双胍-PES纳米复合膜的制备，用于去除废水中的各种有机污染物和重金属离子

本研究的重点是合成不同剂量的NPs（0.1、0.5和1 wt％）的高防污TiO ₂ / 3-氰基丙基三乙氧基硅烷（CPTES）/二甲双胍-聚醚砜（PES）膜。通过排除铜离子，COD含量以及从甘草提取厂（LEP）废水中去除染料来研究膜的性能。通过XRD，SEM，FT-IR，接触角和AFM分析鉴定了制备的纳米颗粒（NPs）和膜的性能。对所有混合的纳米复合膜进行了渗透性和防污性测试。由于在膜表面上存在胺，羟基和二氧化硅基团，在膜网络中添加NP可改善膜亲水性，渗透通量和通量回收率（FRR）值。在中号_选择4个（NP的1 wt％）膜作为最佳纳米复合膜，该膜表现出更高的纯净水通量（37.2 kg m ^-2  h ^-1）和FRR值（98％）。另外，在LEP废水中，在压力为5的条件下，COD浓度为800 mg l ^-1的LEP过滤过程中，实现了高渗透通量（25 kg m ^-2  h ^-1），COD去除（88％）和染料去除（98％）。 150分钟后