Manure and biochar soil amendments have shown many benefits to soil quality and crop productivity. This study aimed to reveal the effects of biochar and manure applications on soil fertility improvement and crop productivity in yellow cinnamon soil. This study based on a 5-year field experiment. Four treatments were designed, included the control (CK), biochar amendment, manure amendment, and both biochar and manure amendment (BM). The results showed that: after five years, both biochar and manure treatment improved soil structure by increasing soil mean weight diameter (MWD), and soil water and nutrient supply was also increased by increasing the contents of water content, available potassium and available phosphorus. The productivity was also enhanced as wheat yield under the biochar, manure, and BM treatments increased by 3.59–11.32% compared with CK. In addition, biochar and manure treatment increased soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by > 15%, and soil total nematode abundance was significantly increased. Furthermore, the nematode community structure was significantly affected by biochar and manure treatment, dominant trophic group in CK was herbivores, but bacterivores were dominant in the biochar and manure treatments. The distribution of nematode genera was closely related to soil chemical properties and microbial biomass. Increases in the Shannon's diversity index, and decreases in the dominance index and summed maturity index after the 5-year treatment indicated a sustainable soil ecosystem after the biochar and manure applications. These findings indicate that biochar and manure result in better soil quality and increased productivity in yellow cinnamon soil.

中文翻译：

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黄线肉桂土壤中5年生物炭和肥料的添加对土壤线虫群落和农作物生产力的响应。

肥料和生物炭的土壤改良剂对土壤质量和作物生产力显示出许多好处。这项研究旨在揭示生物炭和肥料施用对黄肉桂土壤中土壤肥力改善和作物生产力的影响。这项研究基于5年的野外实验。设计了四种处理方法，包括对照（CK），生物炭改良剂，粪肥改良剂以及生物炭和粪便改良剂（BM）。结果表明：五年后，生物炭和粪肥处理均通过增加土壤平均重量直径（MWD）来改善土壤结构，并且通过增加水含量，有效钾和有效磷的含量来增加土壤水和养分的供应。在生物炭，粪肥和BM处理下，小麦产量也增加了3.59-11，从而提高了生产率。与CK相比为32％。此外，生物炭和粪肥处理使土壤微生物生物量碳（MBC）增加了> 15％，并且土壤总线虫丰度显着增加。此外，线虫群落结构受到生物炭和粪肥处理的显着影响，CK的优势营养基团是草食动物，而噬菌体在生物炭和粪肥处理中占主导。线虫属的分布与土壤化学性质和微生物生物量密切相关。经过5年的处理后，香农多样性指数增加，优势指数和成熟度总指数降低，表明施用生物炭和肥料后土壤生态系统具有可持续性。