Background. Understanding potential sex differences in stroke recovery is important for prognosis, ensuring appropriate allocation of health care resources, and for stratification in research studies. Previously, functional measures have shown poorer outcomes for females, however, little is known about sex differences that may exist in specific motor and sensory impairments. Objective. The aim of this study was to utilize robotic assessments of motor and sensory impairments to determine if there are sex differences at the impairment level in stroke recovery over the first 6 months poststroke. Methods. We used robotic and clinical assessments of motor and sensory impairments at 1, 6, 12, and 26 weeks poststroke in 108 males and 52 females. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effect of sex on recovery poststroke, controlling for age and lesion volume. Results. In general, we did not find significant sex differences across a range of assessments. The exception to this was a sex × age interaction for the Purdue Pegboard Assessment, where we found that females had better performance than males at younger ages (<62 years), but males had better performance at older ages. Conclusions. While recruitment biases need to be acknowledged when generalizing our results to stroke recovery at-large, our results suggest that sex differences do not exist at the impairment level poststroke.

中文翻译：

---

中风后运动和感觉障碍恢复的性别差异评估

背景。了解中风康复的潜在性别差异对于预后、确保医疗资源的适当分配以及研究分层很重要。以前，功能测量显示女性的结果较差，但是，对于特定运动和感觉障碍中可能存在的性别差异知之甚少。目标。本研究的目的是利用机器人对运动和感觉障碍的评估来确定在中风后的前 6 个月内中风恢复的障碍水平是否存在性别差异。方法。我们在 108 名男性和 52 名女性中风后 1、6、12 和 26 周使用机器人和临床评估运动和感觉障碍。线性混合模型用于检查性别对卒中后恢复的影响，控制年龄和病灶体积。结果。总的来说，我们在一系列评估中没有发现显着的性别差异。例外情况是 Purdue Pegboard Assessment 的性别×年龄交互作用，我们发现女性在年轻时（<62 岁）的表现比男性好，但男性在年龄较大时表现更好。结论。虽然在将我们的结果推广到整体中风恢复时需要承认招募偏见，但我们的结果表明，中风后损伤水平不存在性别差异。但男性在年龄较大时表现更好。结论。虽然在将我们的结果推广到整体中风恢复时需要承认招募偏见，但我们的结果表明，中风后损伤水平不存在性别差异。但男性在年龄较大时表现更好。结论。虽然在将我们的结果推广到整体中风恢复时需要承认招募偏见，但我们的结果表明，中风后损伤水平不存在性别差异。