Background. Complete blood count (CBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), or platelet (PLT) count are referred as predictors of adverse clinical outcomes in patients. The aim of the research was to identify potential factors of acute mortality in Polish emergency department (ED) patients by using selected hematological biomarkers and routine statistical tools. Methods. The study presents statistical results on patients who were recently discharged from inpatient facilities within one month prior to the index ED visit. In total, the analysis comprised 14,881 patients with the first RDW, MPV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, or PLT biomarkers’ measurements recorded in the emergency department within the years 2016–2019 with a subsequent one month of all-cause mortality observation. The patients were classified with the codes of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems after 10^th Revision (ICD10). Results. Based on the analysis of RDW, MPV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and PLT on acute deaths in patients, we establish strong linear and quadratic relationships between the risk factors under study and the clinical response (), however, with different mortality courses and threats. In our statistical analysis, (1) gradient linear relationships were found for RDW and MPV along an entire range of the analyzed biomarkers’ measurements, (2) following the quadratic modeling, an increasing risk of death above 95 fL was determined for MCV, and (3) no relation to excess death in ED patients was calculated for MCH, MCHC, and PLT. Conclusion. The study shows that there are likely relationships between blood counts and expected patient mortality at some time interval from measurements. Up to 1 month of observation since the first measurement of an hematological biomarker, RDW and MPV stand for a strong relationship with acute mortality of patients, whereas MCV, MCH, MCHC, and PLT give the U-shaped association, RDW and MPV can be established as the stronger predictors of early deaths of patients, MCV only in the highest levels (>95 fL), whereas MCH, MCHC, and PLT have no impact on the excess acute mortality in ED patients.

中文翻译：

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选择血液学生物标志物来预测急诊科患者的急性死亡率。最近的波兰医院统计数据。

背景。全血细胞计数 (CBC)、红细胞分布宽度 (RDW)、平均血小板体积 (MPV)、平均红细胞体积 (MCV)、平均细胞血红蛋白 (MCH)、平均细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC) 或血小板 (PLT) 计数被称为患者不良临床结果的预测因子。该研究的目的是通过使用选定的血液学生物标志物和常规统计工具来确定波兰急诊科 (ED) 患者急性死亡率的潜在因素。方法。该研究提供了在索引 ED 就诊前一个月内最近从住院设施出院的患者的统计结果。总体而言，该分析包括 14,881 名患者，他们在 2016-2019 年期间在急诊科记录了第一次 RDW、MPV、MCV、MCH、MCHC 或 PLT 生物标志物测量值，随后进行了一个月的全因死亡率观察。患者按照国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类第 10^次修订后 (ICD10) 的代码进行分类。结果。基于 RDW、MPV、MCV、MCH、MCHC 和 PLT 对患者急性死亡的分析，我们在研究中的危险因素和临床反应之间建立了强的线性和二次关系。)，但是，具有不同的死亡过程和威胁。在我们的统计分析中，（1）在整个分析的生物标志物测量范围内发现 RDW 和 MPV 的梯度线性关系，（2）在二次建模之后，MCV 的死亡风险增加至 95 fL 以上，并且(3) 计算 MCH、MCHC 和 PLT 与 ED 患者的过度死亡无关。结论。该研究表明，在测量后的某个时间间隔内，血细胞计数与预期患者死亡率之间可能存在关系。自首次测量血液生物标志物后长达 1 个月的观察，RDW 和 MPV 代表与患者急性死亡率密切相关，而 MCV、MCH、MCHC 和 PLT 给出 U 型关联，RDW 和 MPV 可以作为患者早期死亡的更强预测因子，MCV 仅在最高水平 (>95 fL)，而 MCH、MCHC 和 PLT 对 ED 患者的超额急性死亡率没有影响。