Introduction

People with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom are being incarcerated in hospital settings due to lack of suitable community care and support. Factors influencing discharge from institutional/hospital care to enable successful community living have not been explored systematically.

Method

A systematic review using the PRISMA guidance identified studies via five electronic database searches of Medline, CINAHL, Embase, psychINFO, and Cochrane Library. A predesigned inclusion/exclusion criterion was applied to selected articles. A thematic analysis approach was used.

Results

Six qualitative and twelve quantitative articles were identified and divided into three broad themes of support, housing, and health. A further nineteen articles were identified as of peripheral interest.

Conclusion

Factors affording a successful transition from hospital/institution to community are discussed. Suitable standards of housing, staff support/training, and health-care access influence the success of sustainable repatriation. An evidence-based tool kit is proposed from available factors to enable safe, sustainable, and timely discharge.

中文翻译：

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为智障人士创建有能力的社区：挑战与机遇

介绍

由于缺乏适当的社区护理和支持，英国的学习障碍者被关押在医院。尚未系统地探讨影响机构/医院护理出院以实现成功社区生活的因素。

方法

使用PRISMA指南进行的系统评价通过对Medline，CINAHL，Embase，psychINFO和Cochrane图书馆的五个电子数据库搜索来确定研究。将预先设计的纳入/排除标准应用于选定的文章。使用了主题分析方法。

结果

确定了六篇定性文章和十二篇定量文章，并将其分为支持，住房和健康三大主题。还确定了另外19篇与周边相关的文章。

结论

讨论了从医院/机构到社区成功过渡的因素。适当的住房标准，工作人员的支持/培训以及获得医疗保健的机会会影响可持续遣返的成功。建议从可用因素中提出一个循证工具包，以实现安全，可持续和及时的排放。