Introduction

Burkholderia pseudomallei

is an environmental intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes melioidosis, a severe infectious disease affecting humans and animals. An increase in melioidosis cases worldwide and the high mortality rate of the disease makes it a public health concern. Melioidosis is known as the ‘great mimicker’ because it presents with a wide range of disease manifestations. B. pseudomallei is naturally resistant to antibiotics and delay in diagnosis leads to ineffective treatment. Furthermore, there is no approved vaccine to prevent melioidosis infection in humans. Therefore, it is a priority to license a vaccine that can be used for both high-risk endemic areas and for biodefense purposes.

Areas covered

In this review, we have focussed on recent progress in the USA for the development and advancement of lead B. pseudomallei vaccine candidate(s) ready for testing in pre-clinical trials. Those candidates include live-attenuated vaccines, glycoconjugate vaccines, outer-membrane vesicles, and gold nanoparticle vaccines.

Expert opinion

Side-by-side comparison of the leading B. pseudomallei vaccine candidates will provide important information to further advance studies into pre-clinical trials. The likelihood of any of these current vaccines becoming the selected candidate that will reduce the occurrence of melioidosis worldwide is closer than ever.

中文翻译：

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对抗巨大的模仿者：Burkholderia pseudomallei疫苗开发的最新进展。

介绍

假伯克霍尔德氏菌

是一种环境细胞内革兰氏阴性细菌，可导致类鼻oid病，这是一种严重的感染性疾病，会影响人类和动物。世界范围内类鼻li病病例的增加和该疾病的高死亡率使其成为公共卫生问题。拟南芥病被称为“巨大的模仿者”，因为它表现出多种疾病表现。假苹果芽孢杆菌对抗生素具有天然抗性，诊断延迟会导致无效治疗。此外，还没有批准的疫苗可以预防人类的类鼻oid病感染。因此，优先考虑许可可用于高风险流行地区和生物防御目的的疫苗。

覆盖区域

在这篇综述中，我们集中于美国在准备用于临床前试验中测试的假苹果芽孢杆菌先导候选疫苗的开发和进步方面的最新进展。这些候选物包括减毒活疫苗，糖缀合物疫苗，外膜囊泡和金纳米颗粒疫苗。

专家意见

领先的假苹果芽孢杆菌候选疫苗的并排比较将为进一步推进临床前试验研究提供重要信息。这些目前的疫苗中的任何一种成为将减少全世界类胡oid病的发生的候选者的可能性比以往任何时候都更近。