Assessment of 20th-century reanalysis circulation patterns associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation impacts on the tropical Atlantic and northeastern Brazil rainy season,International Journal of Climatology

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Assessment of 20th-century reanalysis circulation patterns associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation impacts on the tropical Atlantic and northeastern Brazil rainy season
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-16 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.6750
Enzo Pinheiro ₁ , Rosmeri Porfirio da Rocha ₁ , Anita Drumond ₂

Affiliation

The present study investigates how the 20th-century atmospheric reanalyses (ERA-20C and NOAA-20CR) reproduce the known impacts of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) atmospheric circulation from the boreal winter to spring and the consequences on northeastern Brazil (NEB) precipitation during its rainy season (boreal spring). For the period 1979–2010, comparisons of atmospheric patterns associated with ENSO events are made through the use of anomaly composites of variables provided by ERA-20C, NOAA-20CR and satellite-era reanalyses (ERA-Interim and NCEP-Reanalysis 2). We also evaluate the ability of the reanalyses to reproduce the interannual variability of precipitation during the boreal spring over Ceará state (located in NEB) by statistically comparing them with Funceme rain-gauge and Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) datasets. As the main result, both 20th-century reanalyses capture the major features in the tropical Pacific representing the climatic system during ENSO years as well as its impacts on the tropical Atlantic, in agreement with previous studies. However, some differences are noted, such as (a) NOAA-20CR differs from the other reanalyses since it indicates stronger (weaker) near-surface (upper levels) wind anomalies over the central-western equatorial Pacific in both El Niño and La Niña composites; (b) over the tropical Atlantic, all reanalyses indicate the existence of an omega anomalies dipole between 10°N and 10°S for both ENSO phases although a weaker signal is seen in NOAA-20CR; (c) NOAA-20CR underestimates the intensity of the precipitation anomalies over the NEB during El Niño and La Niña years, and this is associated with the weaker vertical velocity anomalies. These results indicate that ERA-20C is the most appropriate 20th-century reanalysis to study the long-term interannual variability in the tropical Atlantic associated with ENSO and its impacts on precipitation in northeastern Brazil.

中文翻译：

评估与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动对热带大西洋和巴西东北部雨季影响相关的 20 世纪再分析环流模式

本研究调查了 20 世纪的大气再分析（ERA-20C 和 NOAA-20CR）如何重现厄尔尼诺 - 南方涛动（ENSO）对从北方冬季到春季的热带北大西洋（TNA）大气环流的已知影响，以及对巴西东北部 (NEB) 雨季（北方春季）降水的影响。在 1979 年至 2010 年期间，通过使用 ERA-20C、NOAA-20CR 和卫星时代再分析（ERA-Interim 和 NCEP-Reanalysis 2）提供的变量的异常合成，对与 ENSO 事件相关的大气模式进行了比较。我们还通过将再分析与 Funceme 雨量计和全球降水气候学中心 (GPCC) 数据集进行统计比较，评估了重新分析再现塞阿拉州（位于 NEB）北方春季降水年际变化的能力。作为主要结果，与先前的研究一致，20 世纪的再分析都捕捉到了代表 ENSO 年代气候系统的热带太平洋的主要特征及其对热带大西洋的影响。然而，注意到了一些差异，例如 (a) NOAA-20CR 与其他再分析不同，因为它表明厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象在赤道中西部太平洋上空存在更强（较弱）的近地表（高层）风异常复合材料；(b) 在热带大西洋上空，尽管在 NOAA-20CR 中可以看到较弱的信号，但所有重新分析都表明，两个 ENSO 相都存在 10°N 和 10°S 之间的欧米茄异常偶极子；(c) NOAA-20CR 低估了厄尔尼诺年和拉尼娜年期间 NEB 上空降水异常的强度，这与较弱的垂直速度异常有关。这些结果表明 ERA-20C 是研究与 ENSO 相关的热带大西洋长期年际变率及其对巴西东北部降水影响的 20 世纪最合适的再分析。这与较弱的垂直速度异常有关。这些结果表明 ERA-20C 是研究与 ENSO 相关的热带大西洋长期年际变率及其对巴西东北部降水影响的最合适的 20 世纪再分析。这与较弱的垂直速度异常有关。这些结果表明 ERA-20C 是研究与 ENSO 相关的热带大西洋长期年际变率及其对巴西东北部降水影响的最合适的 20 世纪再分析。

更新日期：2020-07-16

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