Abstract This article connects theoretical effects of the Land Tenure Regularization (LTR) and available evidence from Rwanda and Ethiopia. Based on a review of 26 quantitative and qualitative relevant and robust studies, the paper contributes to the understanding on what evidence exist to validate the LTR effects and how to gain long-term economic, environmental and social impacts. Results suggest a propensity of well supported evidence for positive LTR effects on investment in soil conservation and the role of LTR in enforcing certain dimensions of women’s empowerment. Agricultural productivity and rental and sale effects are more supported in Ethiopia but with mixed findings for the case of Rwanda. There is lack of any robust evidence for credit mechanism except some very limited support from qualitative studies on Rwanda as well as for youth inclusion in the LTR. Key institutional and economic factors identified for long-term impacts relate to reliable agricultural market incentives and contract arrangement, adapted financial products and services to guaranty credit access and collateralized effects of LTR, and active land markets to support modernised and collective investment in agriculture.

中文翻译：

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评估土地使用权正规化的影响：来自卢旺达和埃塞俄比亚的证据

摘要 本文将土地权属正规化 (LTR) 的理论效果与卢旺达和埃塞俄比亚的现有证据联系起来。基于对 26 项定量和定性相关且稳健的研究的回顾，本文有助于理解存在哪些证据来验证 LTR 效应以及如何获得长期的经济、环境和社会影响。结果表明，LTR 对土壤保护投资的积极影响以及 LTR 在增强妇女赋权的某些方面的作用有充分支持的证据的倾向。埃塞俄比亚的农业生产力以及租金和销售效应得到更多支持，但卢旺达案例的调查结果喜忧参半。除了对卢旺达的定性研究以及青年纳入 LTR 的一些非常有限的支持外，缺乏信贷机制的任何有力证据。已确定的长期影响的关键制度和经济因素涉及可靠的农业市场激励措施和合同安排、调整金融产品和服务以保证 LTR 的信贷准入和抵押效果，以及活跃的土地市场以支持农业现代化和集体投资。