Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered much interest in the cell biology and biomedical research fields. Many studies have reported the existence of EVs in all types of living cells, including in fifteen different fungal genera. EVs play diverse biological roles, from the regulation of physiological events and response to specific environmental conditions to the mediation of highly complex interkingdom communications. This review will provide a historical perspective on EVs produced by fungi and an overview of the recent discoveries in the field. We will also review the current knowledge about EV biogenesis and cargo, their role in cell-to-cell interactions, and methods of EV analysis. Finally, we will discuss the perspectives of EVs as vehicles for the delivery of biologically active molecules.

细胞外囊泡（EV）引起了细胞生物学和生物医学研究领域的广泛关注。许多研究报告了所有类型的活细胞中都存在 EV，包括 15 个不同的真菌属。 EV 发挥着多种生物学作用，从生理事件的调节和对特定环境条件的响应，到高度复杂的王国间通信的调解。这篇综述将对真菌产生的电动汽车提供历史视角，并概述该领域的最新发现。我们还将回顾目前有关 EV 生物发生和货物的知识、它们在细胞间相互作用中的作用以及 EV 分析方法。最后，我们将讨论电动汽车作为生物活性分子递送载体的前景。