Synthesis, Mechanism, and Performance Assessment of Zero‐Valent Iron for Metal‐Contaminated Water Remediation: A Review,Clean - Soil Air Water

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Synthesis, Mechanism, and Performance Assessment of Zero‐Valent Iron for Metal‐Contaminated Water Remediation: A Review
Clean - Soil Air Water ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-21 , DOI: 10.1002/clen.202000080
Sana Ullah _{1,

2} , Palwasha Faiz ₁ , Siwen Leng ₁

Affiliation

Recently, increased industrial and agriculture activities have resulted in toxic metal ions, which has increased public concern about the quality of surface and groundwater. Various types of physical, biological, and chemical approaches have been developed to remove surface and groundwater metal ions contaminants. Among these practices, zero‐valent iron (ZVI) is the most studied reactive material for environmental clean‐up over the last two decade and so. Although ZVI can remove the contaminants even more efficiently than any other reactive materials. However, low reactivity due to its intrinsic passive layer, narrow working pH, and the loss of hydraulic conductivity due to the precipitation of metal hydroxides and metal carbonates limits its wide‐scale application. The aim of this work is to document properties, synthesis, and reaction mechanism of ZVI for the treatment of metal ions from the surface and groundwater in recent 10 years (2008–2018). So far, different modified techniques such as conjugation with support, bimetal alloying, weak magnetic field, and ZVI/oxidant coupling system have been developed to facilitate the use of ZVI in various environmental remediation scenarios. However, some challenges still remain to be addressed. Therefore, development and research in this field are needed to overcome or mitigate these limitations.

中文翻译：

零价铁用于金属污染水修复的合成，机理和性能评估：综述

最近，工农业活动的增加导致了有毒金属离子的产生，这增加了公众对地表水和地下水质量的关注。已经开发出各种类型的物理，生物和化学方法来去除表面和地下水金属离子污染物。在这些实践中，零价铁（ZVI）是过去二十年来对环境清洁进行研究最多的反应性材料。尽管ZVI可以比其他任何反应性材料更有效地去除污染物。但是，由于其固有的钝化层，狭窄的工作pH值以及由于金属氢氧化物和金属碳酸盐的沉淀而导致的水力传导性损失，反应性低，限制了其广泛的应用。这项工作的目的是记录属性，综合，近十年来（2008-2018年）ZVI处理地表水和地下水中金属离子的反应机理。到目前为止，已开发出各种改进的技术，例如与载体共轭，双金属合金化，弱磁场和ZVI /氧化剂耦合系统，以促进在各种环境修复方案中使用ZVI。但是，仍有一些挑战有待解决。因此，需要在该领域中进行开发和研究以克服或减轻这些限制。ZVI /氧化剂偶联系统已经开发出来，以方便ZVI在各种环境修复方案中的使用。但是，仍有一些挑战有待解决。因此，需要在该领域中进行开发和研究以克服或减轻这些限制。ZVI /氧化剂偶联系统已经开发出来，以方便ZVI在各种环境修复方案中的使用。但是，仍有一些挑战有待解决。因此，需要在该领域中进行开发和研究以克服或减轻这些限制。

更新日期：2020-07-21

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