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Advances in Cell-Free Biosensors: Principle, Mechanism, and Applications.
Biotechnology Journal ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-15 , DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000187
Liyuan Zhang 1, 2 , Wei Guo 2 , Yuan Lu 1
Affiliation  

Synthetic biology has promoted the development of biosensors as tools for detecting trace substances. In the past, biosensors based on synthetic biology have been designed on living cells, but the development of cell biosensors has been greatly limited by defects such as genetically modified organism problem and the obstruction of cell membrane. However, the advent of cell‐free synthetic biology addresses these limitations. Biosensors based on the cell‐free protein synthesis system have the advantages of higher safety, higher sensitivity, and faster response time over cell biosensors, which make cell‐free biosensors have a broader application prospect. This review summarizes the workflow of various cell‐free biosensors, including the identification of analytes and signal output. The detection range of cell‐free biosensors is greatly enlarged by different recognition mechanisms and output methods. In addition, the review also discusses the applications of cell‐free biosensors in environmental monitoring and health diagnosis, as well as existing deficiencies and aspects that should be improved. In the future, through continuous improvement and optimization, the potential of cell‐free biosensors will be stimulated, and their application fields will be expanded.

中文翻译:

无细胞生物传感器的进展:原理,机制和应用。

合成生物学促进了生物传感器作为检测痕量物质的工具的发展。过去,已经在活细胞上设计了基于合成生物学的生物传感器,但是由于诸如转基因生物问题和细胞膜阻塞等缺陷,细胞生物传感器的发展受到了极大的限制。但是,无细胞合成生物学的出现解决了这些限制。与细胞生物传感器相比,基于无细胞蛋白质合成系统的生物传感器具有更高的安全性,更高的灵敏度和更快的响应时间,这使得无细胞生物传感器具有广阔的应用前景。这篇综述总结了各种无细胞生物传感器的工作流程,包括分析物的鉴定和信号输出。无细胞生物传感器的检测范围因不同的识别机制和输出方法而大大扩大。此外,本文还讨论了无细胞生物传感器在环境监测和健康诊断中的应用,以及现有不足和应改进的方面。未来,通过不断的改进和优化,将激发无细胞生物传感器的潜力,并扩大其应用领域。
更新日期:2020-09-02
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