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Policy and management actions that resulted in curbing rhinoceros poaching
Journal of Applied Ecology ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13692 Krishna Prasad Acharya 1 , Ramesh Kumar Thapa 2 , Kamal Jung Kuwar 3 , Bishnu Prasad Thapalia 4 , Prakash Kumar Paudel 5
中文翻译：
旨在遏制犀牛偷猎的政策和管理措施
更新日期：2020-07-14
Journal of Applied Ecology ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13692 Krishna Prasad Acharya 1 , Ramesh Kumar Thapa 2 , Kamal Jung Kuwar 3 , Bishnu Prasad Thapalia 4 , Prakash Kumar Paudel 5
Affiliation
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- Nepal almost eliminated poaching of the greater one‐horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis over the past decade, although poaching of other rhinoceros species remains a major problem in other Asian countries, as well as in Africa.
- It is important to understand the processes leading to declines in poaching in Nepal that may provide insight into possible anti‐poaching interventions in other parts of world.
- We argue that coordinated actions that led to (a) strengthened institutional mechanisms, (b) improved community participation and (c) enhanced interagency coordination all focused on dismantling illegal trade networks contributed to curbing poaching in Nepal.
- The Government of Nepal (GoN) created a new institutional mechanism both at central and district levels aimed at formulating policies and collaborating with enforcement agencies. Security agencies (Nepal Police and Army) were given responsibilities in and around rhinoceros habitat, and local citizens, mostly youths, were involved in surveillance and reporting of poaching activities. Targeted arrests and prosecutions were carried out that resulted in much higher conviction rates than previously.
- Synthesis and applications. Nepal's achievement in curbing rhinoceros poaching is a result of the collective and coordinated action of multiple stakeholders. Interagency coordination brought together the strength of each stakeholder, making it possible to fill critical gaps in anti‐poaching campaigns. There is a need for continued engagement of local communities, interagency cooperation and better training of law enforcement staff to sustain past achievements.
中文翻译：
旨在遏制犀牛偷猎的政策和管理措施
- 尼泊尔几乎消除了独角犀牛偷猎犀牛独角，在过去的十年中，虽然其他种类的犀牛偷猎依然在亚洲其他国家的一个主要问题，以及在非洲。
- 重要的是要了解导致尼泊尔偷猎行为减少的过程，这可能有助于洞悉世界其他地区可能采取的反偷猎干预措施。
- 我们认为，导致（a）加强体制机制，（b）改善社区参与和（c）加强机构间协调的协调行动全都集中于拆除非法贸易网络，这有助于遏制尼泊尔的偷猎行为。
- 尼泊尔政府（尼泊尔政府）在中央和地区各级建立了新的体制机制，旨在制定政策并与执法机构合作。安全机构（尼泊尔警察和陆军）在犀牛栖息地及其周围负责，当地居民（主要是年轻人）参与了对偷猎活动的监视和报告。进行了有针对性的逮捕和起诉，导致定罪率比以前高得多。
- 综合与应用。尼泊尔在遏制犀牛偷猎方面取得的成就是多个利益攸关方共同采取协调行动的结果。机构间协调汇集了每个利益相关者的力量，从而有可能填补反偷猎运动中的重大空白。需要地方社区的继续参与，机构间合作以及对执法人员的更好培训以维持过去的成就。
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