Asian Mega deltas (AMDs) are among the world´s most important rice‐growing areas and vital for food security. This review describes the major environmental and agricultural characteristics as well as current and future threats to food production and livelihood, using three AMDs as examples, namely the Ganges–Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh, the Ayeyarwady delta in Myanmar and the Mekong River delta in Vietnam. In addition, we analysed the most widely used agricultural adaptation methods in these areas. The major threat to agriculture is salinity intrusion and water scarcity, which consequently leads to a shortage of irrigation water and yield reduction. The most common applied agricultural adaptation strategies are the use of salt‐tolerant varieties and the adjustment of cropping calendars, as well as the use of water‐saving technologies. It was found that there are many concepts that address individual problems, but a comprehensive and integrated concept for delta regions to adapt to climate change is still missing.

中文翻译：

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亚洲大三角洲的稻米生产和粮食安全—应对气候变化的特征，脆弱性和农业适应选择的回顾

亚洲大三角洲（AMD）是世界上最重要的水稻种植区之一，对粮食安全至关重要。本文以三个AMD为例，描述了孟加拉国的恒河-布拉马普特拉三角洲，缅甸的伊洛瓦底三角洲和越南的湄公河三角洲，作为主要环境和农业特征，以及当前和未来对粮食生产和生计的威胁。此外，我们分析了这些地区最广泛使用的农业适应方法。对农业的主要威胁是盐分入侵和水资源短缺，因此导致灌溉水短缺和减产。最常见的应用农业适应战略是使用耐盐品种和调整种植日历，以及使用节水技术。