During pregnancy, the fetal-maternal interface underlies several dynamic alterations to permit the fetus to be cultivated and developed in the uterus, in spite of being identifies by the maternal immune system. A large variety of decidual leukocyte populations, including natural killer cells, NKT cells, innate lymphoid cells, dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, subpopulations of helper T cells play a vital role in controlling the trophoblast invasion, angiogenesis as well as vascular remodeling. In contrast, several regulatory immunosuppressive mechanisms, including regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, several cytokines and mediators are involved in maintain the homeostasis of immune system in the fetal-maternal interface. Nonetheless, aberrant alterations in the balance of immune inflammatory or immunosuppressive arms have been associated with various pregnancy losses and infertilities. As a result, numerous strategies have been developed to revers dysregulated balance of immune players to increase the chance of successful pregnancy. Lymphocyte immunotherapy has been developed through utilization of peripheral white blood cells of the husband or others and administered into the mother to confer an immune tolerance for embryo’s antigens. However, the results have not always been promising, implying to further investigations to improve the approach. This review attempts to clarify the involvement of lymphocytes in contributing to the pregnancy outcome and the potential of lymphocyte immunotherapy in treatment of infertilities with dysregulated immune system basis.

在怀孕期间，尽管母体免疫系统可以识别胎儿和母体的界面，但它们还是发生了一些动态变化，使胎儿能够在子宫内培养和发育。蜕膜白细胞的种类繁多，包括自然杀伤细胞，NKT细胞，先天性淋巴样细胞，树突状细胞，B细胞，T细胞，辅助性T细胞亚群，在控制滋养层侵袭，血管生成以及血管重塑中起着至关重要的作用。相反，几种调节性免疫抑制机制，包括调节性T细胞，调节性B细胞，几种细胞因子和介体，参与维持胎儿-母亲界面免疫系统的稳态。尽管如此，免疫炎症或免疫抑制臂平衡的异常改变与各种妊娠流产和不育症有关。结果，已经开发出许多策略来逆转免疫参与者失调的平衡，以增加成功怀孕的机会。淋巴细胞免疫疗法是通过利用丈夫或其他人的外周血白细胞而发展起来的，并被施用给母亲以赋予胚胎抗原免疫耐受性。但是，结果并不总是令人满意的，这意味着需要进一步研究以改进方法。这篇综述试图阐明淋巴细胞参与妊娠结局的贡献以及淋巴细胞免疫疗法在免疫系统失调的不孕症治疗中的潜力。