Robust clinical data indicate that inhibitors of the sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) dramatically improve clinical outcomes in diabetes, especially heart failure and progression of kidney disease. Factors that may contribute to these findings include: 1) improved glycemic control, 2) diuresis and reduced extracellular fluid volume, 3) reduced serum uric acid levels, 3) direct myocardial effects, 4) reduction in proteinuria and preservation of kidney function, and 5) correction of diabetic magnesium deficiency. Understanding the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes has the potential to improve clinical management not only of diabetes, but also of other cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

可靠的临床数据表明，钠/葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 (SGLT2) 抑制剂可显着改善糖尿病的临床结果，尤其是心力衰竭和肾脏疾病的进展。可能导致这些发现的因素包括：1) 改善血糖控制，2) 利尿和减少细胞外液量，3) 降低血清尿酸水平，3) 直接心肌效应，4) 减少蛋白尿和保护肾功能，以及5）纠正糖尿病镁缺乏症。了解 SGLT2 抑制剂改善心血管结局的机制不仅有可能改善糖尿病的临床管理，也有可能改善其他心血管疾病（如心力衰竭和慢性肾病）的临床管理。