Soil-borne wheat mosaic disease (SBWMD) caused by wheat stripe mosaic virus (WhSMV) is one of the most important viral diseases of wheat in Brazil. Farmers have used crop rotation (CR) successfully to reduce the incidence of many diseases in wheat. CR can contribute along with genetic resistance in the management of SBWMD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CR in SBWMD incidence and wheat yield as compared with wheat monoculture (W). During 2017 and 2018 growth seasons, in a long-term experiment, W and three CR: W1 – white oats-wheat; W2 – vetch-white oats- wheat; and W3 – black oats-barley-black oats-wheat were evaluated using three wheat cultivars: BRS Parrudo (resistant), BRS Reponte (moderately resistant) and BRS Guamirim (susceptible). The rainiest season (2018) was more favorable to the development of the disease. In this year, CR W2 and W3 significantly decreased SBWMD incidence by 90% compared to wheat monoculture. Also, grain yield (GY) differences between CR were higher in the rainiest season. GY increases up to 58% (BRS Reponte), 81% (BRS Guamirim) and 106% (BRS Parrudo) in W2 and W3. The use of plant species that are non-hosts of WhSMV may be one of the main factors that contribute to the reduction of SBWMD levels.

由小麦条纹花叶病毒（WhSMV）引起的土壤传播的小麦花叶病（SBWMD）是巴西小麦最重要的病毒性疾病之一。农民成功地利用了轮作以减少小麦中许多疾病的发生。CR可以与SBWMD的遗传抗性一起发挥作用。这项研究的目的是评估与单作小麦相比，CR对SBWMD发病率和小麦产量的影响。在长期实验中，在2017年和2018年的生长季节中，W和三个CR：W1 –白燕麦-小麦；W2 – etch子白燕麦-小麦；使用三个小麦品种（BRS Parrudo（抗性），BRS Reponte（中度抗性）和BRS Guamirim（易感））和W3 –黑燕麦-大麦-黑燕麦-小麦进行了评估。最雨季（2018）更有利于这种疾病的发展。与小麦单作相比，今年CR W2和W3大大降低了SBWMD发生率，降低了90％。另外，在雨季，CR之间的谷物产量（GY）差异较高。在W2和W3中，GY分别增加58％（BRS Reponte），81％（BRS Guamirim）和106％（BRS Parrudo）。使用非WhSMV宿主的植物可能是导致SBWMD水平降低的主要因素之一。