In this study, we assess how representative a single charcoal record from a peat profile in small bogs (1.5–2 ha in area) is for the reconstruction of Holocene fire history. We use high-resolution macrocharcoal (>250 μm) analysis of continuous series of 2 cm3 samples from two small bogs in southern Sweden. We compare (1) duplicate charcoal records from the same core, (2) duplicate charcoal records from profiles in the same site (10 m apart), and (3) charcoal records from two sites within the same region (15 km apart). Comparisons are made for charcoal counts and area expressed as accumulation rates. The results suggest that (a) charcoal counts and area are highly correlated in all records; (b) duplicate charcoal records within the same core are very similar, although some charcoal peaks are found in only one of the two records; (c) although long-term trends in fire regimes are similar between duplicate charcoal records from nearby profiles within the same site and between charcoal records from sites within the same region, some individual charcoal peaks/fire events are asynchronous between records. The known historical fires of the town of Växjö (1570 and 1612 CE) are recorded at the two study sites, which indicates a macrocharcoal source area of minimum 15 km in diameter. The 2 cm3 peat samples contained relatively low amounts of macrocharcoal; we therefore recommend to analyse larger samples from small peat bogs with comparable peat accumulation rates. This will improve the reliability of the macrocharcoal record and its interpretation.

中文翻译：

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评估小泥炭沼泽中的化石木炭表现：来自瑞典南部的详细全新世火灾记录

在这项研究中，我们评估了来自小沼泽（面积为 1.5-2 公顷）泥炭剖面的单个木炭记录对于重建全新世火灾历史的代表性。我们对瑞典南部两个小沼泽的连续系列 2 cm3 样品使用高分辨率宏观木炭 (>250 μm) 分析。我们比较（1）来自同一岩心的重复木炭记录，（2）来自同一地点（相距 10 m）的剖面的重复木炭记录，以及（3）来自同一地区（相距 15 公里）内两个地点的木炭记录。对木炭计数和以累积率表示的面积进行了比较。结果表明（a）木炭计数和面积在所有记录中高度相关；(b) 同一岩心内的重复木炭记录非常相似，尽管仅在两个记录之一中发现了一些木炭峰；(c) 尽管来自同一地点附近剖面的重复木炭记录之间以及来自同一区域内地点的木炭记录之间的火灾状况的长期趋势相似，但一些单独的木炭峰值/火灾事件在记录之间是不同步的。两个研究地点记录了韦克舍镇（公元 1570 年和 1612 年）的已知历史火灾，这表明宏碳源区的直径至少为 15 公里。2 cm3 的泥炭样品含有相对少量的宏观木炭；因此，我们建议分析来自具有可比泥炭积累率的小型泥炭沼泽的较大样本。这将提高宏碳记录及其解释的可靠性。