Gestational stress is associated with many maternal and child complications, however, this association must be taken with care, since there are studies that find inconsistent results between stress measures and maternal complications. It is believed that the lack of convergence is due to the way in which gestational stress is evaluated. The aim of the present study was to design and validate an instrument based on a bio-psycho-social model of gestational stress. The design and validation process of the inventory was divided into four phases: (a) Construction of the items bank and content validity, (b) construct validity, (c) inventory reliability and (d) convergent and discriminant validity with psychometric instruments that have been used in other investigations to evaluate gestational stress. A valid and reliable Stressors and Modulators of Gestational Stress Inventory (SMGSI) conformed by two scales was developed: (a) Gestational stressors, which is formed by two factors, the psychological stressors and social stressors with a variance of 48.5% and 51.8% and a reliability of .79 and .67, respectively; and (b) gestational stress modulators integrated by 8 items that explain 55.2% of the variance and with a reliability of .92. In conclusion, a valid and reliable tool was obtained that measures gestational stress from a bio-psycho-social perspective. This inventory allows for the identification of allostatic and pantostatic stress, making it useful as a diagnostic tool to prevent maternal and childhood complications that are associated with chronic gestational stress.

中文翻译：

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妊娠压力清单 (SMGSI) 压力源和调节器的设计和心理测量分析

妊娠压力与许多孕产妇和儿童并发症有关，但是，必须小心对待这种关联，因为有研究发现压力测量和孕产妇并发症之间的结果不一致。人们认为，缺乏收敛是由于评估妊娠压力的方式造成的。本研究的目的是设计和验证一种基于妊娠压力生物-心理-社会模型的仪器。清单的设计和验证过程分为四个阶段：(a) 项目库的构建和内容效度，(b) 结构效度，(c) 存量信度和 (d) 使用具有已在其他调查中用于评估妊娠压力。制定了符合两个量表的有效且可靠的妊娠压力量表（SMGSI）压力源和调节器：（a）妊娠压力源，由心理压力源和社会压力源两个因素形成，方差分别为 48.5% 和 51.8%；可靠性分别为 0.79 和 0.67；(b) 由 8 个项目整合的妊娠压力调节因子，解释了 55.2% 的方差，信度为 0.92。总之，获得了一种有效且可靠的工具，可以从生物-心理-社会角度测量妊娠压力。该清单允许识别异位和泛位压力，使其可用作预防与慢性妊娠压力相关的孕产妇和儿童并发症的诊断工具。(a) 妊娠压力源，由心理压力源和社会压力源两个因素构成，方差分别为 48.5% 和 51.8%，信度分别为 0.79 和 0.67；(b) 由 8 个项目整合的妊娠压力调节因子，解释了 55.2% 的方差，信度为 0.92。总之，获得了一种有效且可靠的工具，可以从生物-心理-社会角度测量妊娠压力。该清单允许识别异位和泛位压力，使其可用作预防与慢性妊娠压力相关的孕产妇和儿童并发症的诊断工具。(a) 妊娠压力源，由心理压力源和社会压力源两个因素构成，方差分别为 48.5% 和 51.8%，信度分别为 0.79 和 0.67；(b) 由 8 个项目整合的妊娠压力调节因子，解释了 55.2% 的方差，信度为 0.92。总之，获得了一种有效且可靠的工具，可以从生物-心理-社会角度测量妊娠压力。该清单允许识别异位和泛位压力，使其可用作预防与慢性妊娠压力相关的孕产妇和儿童并发症的诊断工具。(b) 由 8 个项目整合的妊娠压力调节因子，解释了 55.2% 的方差，信度为 0.92。总之，获得了一种有效且可靠的工具，可以从生物-心理-社会角度测量妊娠压力。该清单允许识别异位和泛位压力，使其可用作预防与慢性妊娠压力相关的孕产妇和儿童并发症的诊断工具。(b) 由 8 个项目整合的妊娠压力调节因子，解释了 55.2% 的方差，信度为 0.92。总之，获得了一种有效且可靠的工具，可以从生物-心理-社会角度测量妊娠压力。该清单允许识别异位和泛位压力，使其可用作预防与慢性妊娠压力相关的孕产妇和儿童并发症的诊断工具。