The real-time monitoring of fluid properties in tubular systems, such as viscosity and flow rate, is essential for industries utilizing liquid mediums. Nowadays, most studies of the fluid characteristics are performed off-line using laboratory facilities that can provide accurate results, yet they do not match the demanded industrial pace. Off-line measurements are ineffective and time-consuming. The available real-time monitoring sensors for fluid properties are generally destructive methods that produce significant and persistent damage to the tubular systems during the installation process. Others use huge and bulky invasive instrument methods that generate considerable pressure reduction and energy loss in tubular systems. For these drawbacks, industries centered their attention on non-invasive and non-destructive testing (NDT) methodologies, which are installed on the outer tubular surface to avoid flow disturbance and desist shutting down systems for installations. Although these sensors showed excellent achievement for monitoring and inspecting pipe health conditions, the performance was not convincing for monitoring the properties of fluids. This review paper presents an overview of the real-time monitoring of fluid properties in tubular systems for industrial applications, particularly for pipe monitoring sensors, viscosity, and flow measurements. Additionally, the different available sensing mechanisms and their advantages, drawbacks, and potentials are discussed.

中文翻译：

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工业应用管状结构中流体属性的实时监控的回顾。

对于使用液体介质的行业，实时监控管状系统中的流体特性（例如粘度和流速）至关重要。如今，大多数流体特性的研究都是使用能够提供准确结果的实验​​室设备离线进行的，但它们与工业步伐不符。离线测量是无效且耗时的。现有的用于流体性质的实时监测传感器通常是破坏性方法，在安装过程中会对管道系统产生重大而持久的损害。其他人则使用巨大而笨重的侵入式器械方法，这些方法会在管状系统中产生相当大的压力降低和能量损失。针对这些缺点，行业将注意力集中在非侵入性和非破坏性测试（NDT）方法上，它们安装在外部管状表面上，以避免流动干扰并停止安装系统。尽管这些传感器在监测和检查管道的健康状况方面表现出卓越的成就，但在监测流体特性方面的表现并不能令人信服。这篇综述文章概述了工业应用中的管状系统中流体特性的实时监控，特别是对于管道监控传感器，粘度和流量测量。此外，讨论了不同的可用传感机制及其优点，缺点和潜力。尽管这些传感器在监测和检查管道的健康状况方面表现出卓越的成就，但在监测流体特性方面的表现并不能令人信服。这篇综述文章概述了工业应用中的管状系统中流体特性的实时监控，特别是对于管道监控传感器，粘度和流量测量。此外，讨论了不同的可用传感机制及其优点，缺点和潜力。尽管这些传感器在监测和检查管道健康状况方面表现出卓越的成就，但在监测流体特性方面的表现并不令人信服。这篇综述文章概述了工业应用中的管状系统中流体特性的实时监控，特别是对于管道监控传感器，粘度和流量测量。此外，讨论了不同的可用传感机制及其优点，缺点和潜力。