Spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) provide access to spatial data and services for humans to solve spatial problems but represent a barrier for machines such as search engines or spatial services. In this article we propose an architecture for spatial knowledge infrastructure (SKI), which attempts to overcome these limitations, and describe the interactions between its components. The SKI architecture proposed is illustrated for two scenarios. The first is an architecture for an ideal solution requiring spatial data on the web, and the second is for a practical short‐term solution that takes into consideration legacy SDIs as well as spatial data on the web in its implementation. In addition, the utility of the proposed SKI architecture is illustrated with two examples demonstrating the scope of the SKI in two different ways: where the SKI is a “knowledge enabler,” and where the SKI acts as a “knowledge creator.” A discussion on how well the proposed architecture meets current best practice for spatial data on the web, as well as obstacles and challenges in the implementation of the proposed solutions, concludes the article.

中文翻译：

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从空间数据到空间知识基础架构：拟议的架构

空间数据基础架构（SDI）为人类提供了访问空间数据和服务的途径，以解决空间问题，但对诸如搜索引擎或空间服务之类的机器构成了障碍。在本文中，我们提出了一种用于空间知识基础结构（SKI）的体系结构，该体系结构试图克服这些限制并描述其组件之间的交互。针对两种情况说明了所建议的SKI体系结构。第一个是用于需要Web上空间数据的理想解决方案的体系结构，第二个是用于实用的短期解决方案的体系结构，该解决方案在实现过程中考虑了遗留SDI和Web上的空间数据。另外，通过两个示例以两种不同的方式演示了SKI的范围，说明了所提出的SKI体系结构的实用程序：SKI是“知识推动者”，SKI是“知识创造者”。本文讨论了所提出的体系结构如何满足当前网络上空间数据的最佳实践以及所提出的解决方案的实施中的障碍和挑战。