Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is known to show responsiveness to the physical properties, such as stiffness and nano to microstructures, of the extracellular environment. However, the signaling mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. Here, the effects of nanoscale pillar arrays of the cell culture substrate on morphology and differentiation were evaluated in human MSC to understand the signaling mechanism in regulation of differentiation in response to the nanoscale structures. Human MSCs were cultured on a quartz substrate with the three types of pillar‐arrays with 200 nm in side length, 150 nm in height, and different center‐to‐center spacings (300, 400, and 700 nm) in a cell culture medium with no differentiation induction regent. The cells were well spread, and about half of the cells showed osteogenic differentiation on the flat region of the substrate. The spreading and the osteogenic differentiation were suppressed in the cells on the pillar‐arrayed region regardless of the pillar spacing. This provided insight that the human MSCs spontaneously differentiate into the osteoblast in response to the stiff substrate with no structure, and the suppression of the cell spreading caused by the nanoscale structures can downregulate the progress of the osteogenic differentiation.

中文翻译：

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纳米级结构化基质上培养的人间充质干细胞的形态学和分化

间充质干细胞（MSC）表现出对细胞外环境的物理特性（例如刚度和纳米微结构）的响应能力。但是，信号机制尚未完全阐明。在这里，在人类MSC中评估了细胞培养基质的纳米柱阵列对形态和分化的影响，以了解响应于纳米结构在分化调控中的信号传导机制。将人类MSC在带有三种类型柱状阵列的石英基板上进行培养，这些柱状阵列的边长为200 nm，高度为150 nm，并且在细胞培养基中具有不同的中心距（300、400和700 nm）没有分化诱导剂。细胞散布得很好 大约一半的细胞在底物的平坦区域显示成骨分化。无论柱间距如何，柱阵列区域上的细胞的扩散和成骨分化均受到抑制。这提供了见识，即人类MSC响应于没有结构的坚硬底物而自发分化为成骨细胞，并且抑制由纳米级结构引起的细胞扩散可以下调成骨分化的进程。