We report a case series of five patients affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 who developed neurological symptoms, mainly expressing as polyradiculoneuritis and cranial polyneuritis in the 2 months of COVID‐19 pandemic in a city in the northeast of Italy. A diagnosis of Guillain‐Barré syndrome was made on the basis of clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and electroneurography. In four of them, the therapeutic approach included the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg for 5 days), which resulted in the improvement of neurological symptoms. Clinical neurophysiology revealed the presence of conduction block, absence of F waves, and in two cases a significant decrease in amplitude of compound motor action potential compound muscle action potential (cMAP). Four patients presented a mild facial nerve involvement limited to the muscles of the lower face, with sparing of the forehead muscles associated to ageusia. In one patient, taste assessment showed right‐sided ageusia of the tongue, ipsilateral to the mild facial palsy. In three patients we observed albuminocytological dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid, and notably, we found an increase of inflammatory mediators such as the interleukin‐8. Peripheral nervous system involvement after infection with COVID‐19 is possible and may include several signs that may be successfully treated with immunoglobulin therapy.

中文翻译：

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临床神经生理学和脑脊髓液分析以检测COVID-19患者的格林-巴利综合征和颅内多发性神经炎：一个病例系列。

我们报告了一系列病例，其中五例受SARS-CoV-2感染的患者出现了神经系统症状，主要在意大利东北部城市的COVID-19大流行两个月内表现为多发性神经根炎和颅内多发性神经炎。根据临床表现，脑脊液分析和电镜检查对吉兰-巴雷综合征进行了诊断。在其中四个中，治疗方法包括静脉注射免疫球蛋白（0.4 g / kg，持续5天），从而改善了神经系统症状。临床神经生理学显示存在传导阻滞，不存在F波，在两种情况下，复合运动动作电位和复合肌肉动作电位（cMAP）的幅度显着降低。四名患者表现出轻度的面部神经受累，仅限于下脸的肌肉，而额头肌肉则与老年性痴呆有关。一名患者的味觉评估显示舌头右侧陈旧，与轻度面神经麻痹同侧。在三名患者中，我们观察到脑脊液中的白细胞分离，特别是，我们发现炎症介质（如白介素-8）的增加。感染COVID-19后可能会累及周围神经系统，其中可能包括一些可以通过免疫球蛋白疗法成功治疗的症状。在三名患者中，我们观察到脑脊液中的白细胞分离，特别是，我们发现炎症介质（如白介素-8）的增加。感染COVID-19后可能会累及周围神经系统，其中可能包括一些可以通过免疫球蛋白疗法成功治疗的症状。在三名患者中，我们观察到脑脊液中的白细胞分离，特别是，我们发现炎症介质（如白介素-8）的增加。感染COVID-19后可能会累及周围神经系统，其中可能包括一些可以通过免疫球蛋白疗法成功治疗的症状。