Among the enteric viruses implicated in waterborne outbreaks, human norovirus and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are a serious public health issue. Most foodborne viruses are difficult or currently unlikely to cultivate. Because of the lack of a cell culture method, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR is commonly used for the detection of norovirus in foodstuffs and environmental samples. Due to low infectious doses in humans and low virus concentration in water sample, filter adsorption methods were used for concentrating viruses from water. The ISO (Anonymous, ISO 15216-1, 2017) describes standardized molecular methods for detecting HAV and norovirus in bottled water. This method includes a two-step procedure: concentrating the virus using a microporous electropositive filter (47 mm diameter, 0.45 μm pore size) then molecular detection. The Zetapor filter, which had a charged membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm, was commonly used in the past to concentrate viruses from water or from salad leaves following virus elution. But, unfortunately, the Zetapor filter is no longer marketed and it is therefore necessary to assess an alternative filter. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of two electropositive filters with a pore size of 0.45 μm or 0.22 μm and one uncharged filter (0.45 μm) to recover norovirus and HAV from two different types of drinking water (bottled water and tap water) with the adsorption-elution method proposed by ISO (Anonymous, ISO 15216-1, 2017) (method A) and with direct viral extraction using filters (method B). The mean extraction yields for norovirus and HAV calculated with RNA extracts ranged from 0.2 % – 4.81 % with method A and from 5.05 % – 53.58 % with method B, and did not differ significantly between the two types of drinking water tested. For method B, the mean extraction yields for HAV and norovirus were evaluated according to results from the three filters used. The recovery rate of HAV and norovirus ranged between 3.47 % and 62.41 % with the 0.45 μm electropositive filter and were higher than the other filters. The 0.45 μm electropositive filter could be used to concentrate viruses for routine viral monitoring of drinking water for researchers who want to adopt the method in their lab routine.

在与水传播有关的肠病毒中，人类诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）是严重的公共卫生问题。大多数食源性病毒很难或目前无法培养。由于缺乏细胞培养方法，因此实时逆转录PCR通常用于检测食品和环境样品中的诺如病毒。由于人类的低感染剂量和水样中的病毒浓度低，因此使用过滤器吸附方法从水中浓缩病毒。ISO（匿名，ISO 15216-1,2017）描述了用于检测瓶装水中HAV和诺如病毒的标准化分子方法。该方法包括两个步骤：使用微孔正电过滤器（直径47 mm，孔径0.45μm）浓缩病毒，然后进行分子检测。Zetapor过滤器具有带电膜，其孔径为0.45μm，过去通常用于在病毒洗脱后从水或色拉叶中浓缩病毒。但是，不幸的是，Zetapor过滤器不再销售，因此有必要评估其他过滤器。这项研究的目的是比较两种孔径为0.45μm或0.22μm的正电过滤器和一种不带电的过滤器（0.45μm）从两种不同类型的饮用水（瓶装水和自来水中）中回收诺如病毒和HAV的能力。 ），采用ISO（匿名，ISO 15216-1,2017）提出的吸附-洗脱方法（方法A），并使用过滤器直接进行病毒提取（方法B）。用方法A提取的RNA提取物计算出的诺如病毒和HAV的平均提取率在0.2％至4.81％之间，从5开始。方法B：05％– 53.58％，两种测试的饮用水之间没有显着差异。对于方法B，根据所用三种过滤器的结果评估了HAV和诺如病毒的平均提取率。使用0.45μm的正电滤池，HAV和诺如病毒的回收率在3.47％至62.41％之间，并且高于其他滤池。0.45μm的正电过滤器可用于浓缩病毒，以便对希望在实验室常规中采用该方法的研究人员进行饮用水的常规病毒监测。使用0.45μm的正电滤池，HAV和诺如病毒的回收率在3.47％至62.41％之间，并且高于其他滤池。0.45μm的正电过滤器可用于浓缩病毒，以便对希望在实验室常规中采用该方法的研究人员进行饮用水的常规病毒监测。使用0.45μm的正电滤池，HAV和诺如病毒的回收率在3.47％至62.41％之间，并且高于其他滤池。0.45μm的正电过滤器可用于浓缩病毒，以便对希望在实验室常规中采用该方法的研究人员进行饮用水的常规病毒监测。