Abstract This study was designed to investigate the antifungal activity of Bacillus pumilus 344-3 against toxigenic fungi. In vitro co-incubation assay revealed that A. carbonarius AC82, A. niger AN8 and P. digitatum PD43 are most sensitive fungi to bacterial antifungal compounds with zone of inhibition of 29.2 mm, 27.7 mm and 27.1 mm, respectively. The addition of Bacillus pumilus 344-3 culture supernatant at low concentration in the fungal growth medium stimulated A. carbonarius biomass, but inhibited ochratoxin A (OTA) synthesis significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Conidial germination of A. carbonarius was not affected in a medium containing 10% and 20% of the bacterial culture supernatant, while it was completely inhibited in 100% bacterial extract. Storage of bacterial culture supernatant at temperature ranging from −20 °C to 100 °C for 1 h, didn't affect its antifungal potential. In vivo application of bacterial extract on the maize kernels, showed 95% protection against A. carbonarius infection. Application of B. pumilus 344-3 culture supernatant on the surface of maize kernels provided 99% reduction in OTA production potential of A. carbonarius AC82. Because of its strong activities against the growth of A. carbonarius AC82 and OTA-synthesis, B. pumilus 344-3 can be considered as a very promising biocontrol agent.

中文翻译：

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短小芽孢杆菌QBP344-3在炭黑曲霉和赭曲霉A污染防治中的调查及应用

摘要 本研究旨在研究短小芽孢杆菌 344-3 对产毒真菌的抗真菌活性。体外共培养试验表明，炭黑曲霉 AC82、黑曲霉 AN8 和指状青霉 PD43 是对细菌抗真菌化合物最敏感的真菌，抑制区分别为 29.2 mm、27.7 mm 和 27.1 mm。在真菌生长培养基中以低浓度添加短小芽孢杆菌 344-3 培养上清液刺激炭疽杆菌生物量，但显着抑制赭曲霉毒素 A (OTA) 合成 (p ≤ 0.05)。A. carbonarius 分生孢子萌发在含有 10% 和 20% 细菌培养上清液的培养基中不受影响，而在 100% 细菌提取物中完全抑制。将细菌培养上清液在 -20°C 至 100°C 的温度范围内储存 1 小时，t 影响其抗真菌潜力。细菌提取物在玉米籽粒上的体内应用表明，对炭疽杆菌感染具有 95% 的保护作用。B. pumilus 344-3 培养上清液在玉米籽粒表面的应用使 A. carbonarius AC82 的 OTA 生产潜力降低了 99%。由于其对 A. carbonarius AC82 的生长和 OTA 合成具有很强的活性，B. pumilus 344-3 可以被认为是一种非常有前途的生物防治剂。