The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with the solar wind, radiation, and interplanetary dust. Many scientific instruments onboard the two spacecraft will be completely, or partially devoted to study the near-space environment of Mercury as well as the complex processes that govern it. Many issues remain unsolved even after the MESSENGER mission that ended in 2015. The specific orbits of the two spacecraft, MPO and Mio, and the comprehensive scientific payload allow a wider range of scientific questions to be addressed than those that could be achieved by the individual instruments acting alone, or by previous missions. These joint observations are of key importance because many phenomena in Mercury’s environment are highly temporally and spatially variable. Examples of possible coordinated observations are described in this article, analysing the required geometrical conditions, pointing, resolutions and operation timing of different BepiColombo instruments sensors.

中文翻译：

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用两艘航天器 BepiColombo 任务调查水星的环境

ESA-JAXA BepiColombo 任务将同时提供两艘航天器的测量结果，为研究水星的磁层和外层动力学及其与太阳风、辐射和行星际尘埃的相互作用提供了前所未有的机会。两艘航天器上的许多科学仪器将全部或部分用于研究水星的近太空环境以及管理它的复杂过程。即使在 2015 年结束信使号任务之后，许多问题仍未解决。 MPO 和 Mio 两艘航天器的特定轨道以及综合科学有效载荷允许解决比个人可以解决的更广泛的科学问题单独行动或由以前的任务执行的仪器。这些联合观测非常重要，因为水星环境中的许多现象在时间和空间上都有很大的变化。本文描述了可能的协调观测示例，分析了不同 BepiColombo 仪器传感器所需的几何条件、指向、分辨率和操作时间。