For the first time, a multi-wave research of oscillation dynamics in a solar facula from its birth to decay was carried out. We performed spectral observations of active region NOAA 12744 at Horizontal Solar Telescope of the Sayan Solar Observatory in the H$\alpha$, He I 10830 A, and Si I 10827 A lines. We used Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) line-of-sight magnetic field data and the 1600 A, 304 A, and 171 A UV channels. At the early stages of the facula evolution, we observed low-frequency (1-2 mHz) oscillations concentrate in the central part of the facula. In the lower solar atmosphere, this is registered in the intensity, line-of-sight velocity, and magnetic field signals. These frequencies were also observed in the transition region and corona (304 A and 171 A channels). At the maximal development phase of the facula evolution, the low frequency oscillations closely reproduce the coronal loop structures forming above the active region. At the decay phase, the spatial distributions of the observed frequencies resemble those found in and above the undisturbed chromosphere network. Our results indicate a direct relation of the low frequency oscillations observed in the lower solar atmosphere with the oscillations in the coronal loops, which is probably implemented through the loop footpoints.

中文翻译：

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新周期第一活跃区振荡的多级观测

首次对太阳光斑从诞生到衰变过程中的振荡动力学进行了多波研究。我们在萨彦太阳天文台的水平太阳望远镜上对活动区 NOAA 12744 的 H$\alpha$、He I 10830 A 和 Si I 10827 A 线进行了光谱观测。我们使用了太阳动力学天文台 (SDO) 视距磁场数据和 1600 A、304 A 和 171 A 紫外线通道。在光斑演化的早期阶段，我们观察到低频 (1-2 mHz) 振荡集中在光斑的中心部分。在较低的太阳大气层中，这会记录在强度、视线速度和磁场信号中。在过渡区和电晕（304 A 和 171 A 通道）中也观察到了这些频率。在光斑进化的最大发展阶段，低频振荡紧密地再现了活动区上方形成的冠状环结构。在衰减阶段，观察到的频率的空间分布类似于在未受干扰的色球网络中和上方发现的频率。我们的结果表明在低太阳大气中观察到的低频振荡与日冕环中的振荡有直接关系，这可能是通过环足点实现的。