Studies on activity rhythms are pivotal for the management of invasive alien species, as they provide basic insights into species basic ecology and may increase the success of control programs. The coypu Myocastor coypus, introduced from South America for fur farms, has become one of the most invasive rodents in Europe. Introduced coypus may affect crop productions, as well as natural vegetation and the breeding success of wading birds. In this study, we examined activity data collected through intensive camera-trapping in three Italian areas, including two natural areas in Northern and Central Italy, and a suburban area in Central Italy. Coypus were mostly diurnal in areas characterised by low predator pressure and, at night, they are mostly active in bright moonlight. Conversely, where predators, human pressure or numerical control programmes are present, coypus remarkably shift their behaviour towards crepuscular and night hours. In these last areas, nocturnal activity increased as moonlight decreased, possibly to reduce predation risk or encounters with humans. Where winter temperature are low, diurnal habits may have developed as a physiological adaptation and a strategy to preserve energy, potentially achieving a cost/effective thermal balance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s42991-020-00052-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

中文翻译：

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通过相机捕获推断侵入性海狸鼠的活动节律模式

活动节律研究对于管理外来入侵物种至关重要，因为它们提供了对物种基本生态学的基本见解，并可能增加控制计划的成功。从南美引进用于毛皮养殖场的海狸鼠 Myocastor coypus 已成为欧洲入侵性最强的啮齿动物之一。引入海狸鼠可能会影响作物生产，以及自然植被和涉水鸟的繁殖成功。在这项研究中，我们检查了通过在意大利三个地区（包括意大利北部和中部的两个自然区域以及意大利中部的郊区）的密集摄像头收集的活动数据。海狸鼠主要在捕食者压力低的地区昼夜活动，而在夜间，它们大多在明亮的月光下活跃。相反，在掠食者的地方，存在人为压力或数字控制程序时，海狸鼠的行为明显转向黄昏和夜间。在最后这些地区，随着月光的减少，夜间活动增加，可能是为了减少捕食风险或与人类的相遇。在冬季温度较低的地方，昼夜习惯可能已经发展成为一种生理适应和一种保存能量的策略，可能实现成本/有效的热平衡。电子补充材料 本文的在线版本 (10.1007/s42991-020-00052-8) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。在冬季温度较低的地方，昼夜习惯可能已经发展成为一种生理适应和一种保存能量的策略，可能实现成本/有效的热平衡。电子补充材料 本文的在线版本 (10.1007/s42991-020-00052-8) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。在冬季温度较低的地方，昼夜习惯可能已经发展成为一种生理适应和一种保存能量的策略，可能实现成本/有效的热平衡。电子补充材料 本文的在线版本 (10.1007/s42991-020-00052-8) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。