Introduction

Although objective deficits in response inhibition (RI) have been detected in civilians with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), it remains unclear whether objective RI is worse in military Veterans with mTBI despite the prevalence of self-reported disinhibition. Assessing RI in Veterans is critical due to their unique characteristics, including combat and blast exposure, in addition to the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (1) examine RI performance in Veterans with mTBI compared to non-mTBI Veterans and (2) compare RI performance in well-defined subgroups of mTBI Veterans with and without self-reported complaints of disinhibition to non-mTBI Veterans.

Method

53 mTBI Veterans and 37 non-mTBI Veterans completed a Go/No-Go RI task and measures of self-reported disinhibition (Frontal Systems Behavior Scale) and psychiatric symptoms. ANCOVAs covarying for mood and demographics compared RI performances of the non-mTBI Veterans to (1) the total sample of mTBI Veterans (n= 53) and to (2) mTBI Veterans with elevated (t-score ≥ 60; mTBI-SubjDis; n= 23) and low (t-score < 60; mTBI-NoSubjDis; n= 30) levels of self-reported disinhibition.

Results

There were no significant differences in RI between the mTBI group as a whole and the non-mTBI Veterans group. However, when Veterans with mTBI were divided into groups by clinically-significant concern about their disinhibition, the mTBI-SubjDis group demonstrated significantly worse RI than the mTBI-NoSubjDis and non-mTBI Veteran groups. No significant differences in RI performance were observed between the mTBI-NoSubjDis and non-mTBI Veteran groups.

Conclusions

Results indicate that mTBI Veterans with elevated levels of self-reported disinhibition show diminished performance on objective measures of RI, independent of mood. Findings highlight the unique contribution of subjective complaints on executive functioning in mTBI, and they underscore the importance of assessing cognitive complaints in order to identify those most at risk for poor-long term outcomes.

中文翻译：

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有轻度脑外伤病史的退伍军人的反应抑制：自我报告的抱怨在客观表现中的作用。

介绍

尽管在患有轻度颅脑损伤（mTBI）的平民中发现了反应抑制（RI）的客观缺陷，但尽管自我报告的抑制作用很普遍，但仍不清楚在患有mTBI的退伍军人中客观RI是否较差。在退伍军人中评估RI至关重要，这是由于其独特的特征，包括战斗和爆炸暴露，以及精神病合并症的患病率。因此，本研究的目的是（1）比较与非mTBI退伍军人相比具有mTBI的退伍军人的RI表现，以及（2）比较有和没有自我报告的对MTBI退伍的抱怨的mTBI退伍军人的明确分组非mTBI退伍军人。

方法

53名mTBI退伍军人和37名非mTBI退伍军人完成了去/不去RI任务以及自我报告的抑制力（额叶系统行为量表）和精神病症状的测量。改变心情和人口统计学的ANCOVA比较了非mTBI退伍军人的RI表现与（1）mTBI退伍军人的全部样本（n = 53）和（2）升高的（t得分≥60； mTBI-SubjDis；n = 23）和低水平（t评分<60； mTBI-NoSubjDis；n = 30）自我报告的去抑制水平。

结果

整个mTBI组与非mTBI退伍军人组之间的RI没有显着差异。但是，当将具有mTBI的退伍军人按照其抑制作用的临床显着关注分为两组时，mTBI-SubjDis组的RI比mTBI-NoSubjDis和非mTBI退伍军人组明显差。在mTBI-NoSubjDis和非mTBI退伍军人组之间，RI性能没有显着差异。

结论

结果表明，自我报告的抑制作用水平升高的mTBI退伍军人在RI的客观测量中表现不佳，与情绪无关。研究结果突出了主观抱怨对mTBI执行功能的独特贡献，并强调了评估认知障碍的重要性，以识别那些长期不良结果风险最大的人。