Surface swelling caused by He implantation was studied for newly-developed Ti/Ta-added reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels. Post-implantation annealing at 623 K for 2 h of He-implanted RAFM-steel samples led to surface-step formation because of surface swelling induced by He bubbles formed inside the samples. Pre-implantation of a small number of H ions was found to cause an increase in the surface-step height, which was not expected. A possible mechanism for this synergistic effect of pre-implanted H is proposed.

中文翻译：

---

He和H对聚变反应堆用离子注入Ti/Ta还原活化铁素体/马氏体钢表面溶胀的协同作用

研究了新开发的添加 Ti/Ta 的减活化铁素体/马氏体 (RAFM) 钢的 He 注入引起的表面膨胀。注入氦气的 RAFM 钢样品在 623 K 下进行 2 小时的注入后退火导致表面台阶形成，因为样品内部形成的氦气气泡引起表面膨胀。发现预植入少量 H 离子会导致表面台阶高度增加，这是意料之中的。提出了预植入 H 的这种协同效应的可能机制。