The US federal communications commission announced new location accuracy requirements for emergency calls. To examine these requirements, we first establish a 3GPP system-level simulator and calibrate its performance for radio access technology-dependent techniques. After considering the 3D channel model, we test and conclude that existing technologies fail to satisfy the indoor vertical accuracy requirement. Therefore, we propose a two-step least-square estimator that adopts a barometric pressure sensor (BPS) to measure the altitude above sea level. The use of BPS improves accuracy for both vertical and horizontal aspects. The positioning performance of both outdoor and indoor user equipment (UE) is simulated, and the results demonstrate that 67% of UE can be localized within 18-m horizontal and 3-m vertical accuracy with 10 small cells. The improved vertical accuracy obtained by the proposed method can be beneficial to UAV communication.

美国联邦通信委员会宣布了紧急呼叫的新位置精度要求。为了检查这些要求，我们首先建立3GPP系统级模拟器，并针对与无线电接入技术相关的技术来校准其性能。在考虑了3D通道模型后，我们进行测试并得出结论，现有技术无法满足室内垂直精度要求。因此，我们提出了一种两步最小二乘估计器，该估计器采用大气压力传感器（BPS）来测量海拔高度。使用BPS可以提高垂直和水平方面的准确性。模拟了室外和室内用户设备（UE）的定位性能，结果表明，可以使用10个小小区将67％的UE定位在18 m的水平精度和3 m的垂直精度内。